Medicine
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Observational Study
A nomogram incorporated lifestyle indicators for predicting nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, and its pathogenesis is complicated and triggered by unbalanced diet, sedentary lifestyle, and genetic background. The aim of this study was to construct and validate a nomogram incorporated lifestyle habits for predicting NAFLD incidence. The overall cohort was divided into training set and test set as using computer-generated random numbers. ⋯ Also, the calibration curve showed good consistency between nomogram prediction and actual probability. Moreover, the decision curve showed that when the threshold probability of an individual is within a range from approximately 0.5 to 0.8, this model provided more net benefit to predict NAFLD incidence risk than the current strategies. This nomogram can be regarded as a user-friendly tool for assessing the risk of NAFLD incidence, and thus help to facilitate management of NAFLD including lifestyle and medical interventions.
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Observational Study
Comparison of the sensitivity of mammography, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging and combinations of these imaging modalities for the detection of small (≤2 cm) breast cancer.
The aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity of mammography (MG), ultrasound (US), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and combinations of these imaging modalities for the detection of small (≤2 cm) breast cancer and to evaluate the benefit of preoperative breast MRI after performing conventional imaging techniques for small breast cancer. This was an observational retrospective review of 475 patients with pathologically confirmed breast cancer. We reviewed the medical records; assessed the preoperative reports of MG, US, and MRI; and categorized them as benign features (BI-RADS 1-3) or malignant features (BI-RADS 4 or 5). ⋯ US is better than MG at detecting small breast cancer, regardless of breast density. The addition of MRI to MG and US could increase sensitivity without increasing the mastectomy rate. This study suggests performing MRI routinely on the basis of MG and US for small (≤2 cm) breast cancer.
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Meta Analysis
Fixation options for reconstruction of the greater trochanter in unstable intertrochanteric fracture with arthroplasty.
With the aggravation of population aging, the incidence of intertrochanteric fracture also increases dramatically. Patients are often elderly accompany with severe osteoporosis and various complications. Therefore, we should select an individualized treatment based on the each patient's state. Arthroplasty is recommended for unstable fractures with obvious osteoporosis, ipsilateral femoral head necrosis or arthritis. Rigid fixation of the greater trochanter with arthroplasty is challenging because of the powerful pulling forces created by multiple muscles being transmitted to the greater trochanter. Currently, there are few contemporary literatures on the evaluation of unstable intertrochanteric fracture with efficient fixation of the greater trochanter. Moreover, there is no consensus to choose which implant to immobilize the greater trochanter. The purpose of this study was to review previous literatures and provide a valuable guidance. ⋯ The locking plate, which not only provides rigid fixation but also results in lower rate of postoperative complications. However, further prospective randomized and cohort studies are needed.
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Meta Analysis
Prevalence of burnout in medical students in China: A meta-analysis of observational studies.
This meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of burnout among medical students in China. A systematic search from the following electronic databases: China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wangfang database, VIP database, Chinese biomedical literature database, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar was independently conducted by 2 reviewers from inception to September 2019. The data were analyzed using stata software Version 11. ⋯ There was a statistically significant difference among the different grades (P = .000). Our findings suggest a high prevalence of burnout among medical students. Society, universities, and families should take appropriate measures and allot more care to prevent burnout among medical students.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Comparison of catheter-over-needle and catheter-through-needle methods in ultrasound-guided continuous femoral nerve block: A prospective, randomized controlled trial.
The catheter-through-needle (CTN) method involves the insertion of a catheter with an outer diameter smaller than the initial puncture hole. We investigated whether the catheter-over-needle (CON) method is more effective than the CTN method in local anesthetic leakage at the catheter insertion site and catheter dislodgement, and how it affects postoperative pain management. ⋯ The CON method was able to shorten the procedure time while reducing the incidence of leakage at the catheter insertion site than the CTN method, and showed similar effects in postoperative pain management.