Medicine
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Rifampicin is currently used to treat various bacterial infections, with the most significant application in the treatment of tuberculosis. Dose-independent side effects of the drug can lead to the development of various coagulation disorders, among which disseminated intravascular coagulation is the most dangerous. The mechanism of coagulopathy itself is multifactorial, but it is thought to be mediated by an immune response (formation of antigen-antibody complexes) and consequent damage to platelets and the vascular endothelium. ⋯ Clinicians should be aware of the possible side effects of the administered drugs, especially taking into account the overall clinical picture of a patient, including comorbidities and possible drug interactions.
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To analyze the serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentration in Chinese children with myopia and explore its correlation with myopia. From July to September in 2019, myopic children were collected from the Myopia Influencing Factors Survey Project. The basic information and vision related behaviors of the subjects were collected by questionnaire. ⋯ The study found that serum 25(OH)D concentration is closely related to the prevalence of myopia in Chinese children. The results further support the conclusion that children with a higher level of serum 25(OH)D have a lower prevalence of moderate to high myopia. The results of this study provide a basis for further research into the relationship between vitamin D and visual development in children and its mechanisms.
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Case Reports
Organizing pneumonia in ALK+ lung adenocarcinoma treated with ceritinib: A case report and literature review.
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors have been approved for patients with ALK-rearrangement lung cancer. The effect is superior to the standard first-line therapy of pemetrexed plus platinum-based chemotherapy. However, ALK inhibitors are associated with rare and sometimes fatal adverse events. Organizing pneumonitis (OP) is a rare and serious adverse event usually caused by ceritinib, and it is easily misdiagnosed as infectious pneumonia, metastasis, or cancer progression. ⋯ OP must be differentiated from infectious pneumonia, metastasis, or cancer progression. The mechanism of OP is still unknown and needs further research. Biopsy plays a role in making a diagnosis of OP. In our patient, discontinuing ceritinib and treating her with prednisone resulted in a good outcome.
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Currently, renal biopsy is the gold standard for clinical diagnosis and evaluation the degrees of IgA nephropathy. However, renal biopsy is an invasive examination and not suitable for long-term follow-up IgA nephropathy. The activation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are related to IgA nephropathy, but the key molecular marker and target of PBMCs for evaluating the progression and prognosis of IgA nephropathy is still unclear. ⋯ The DEMs and DEGs re-analysis provided potential key genes and hub miRNA of PMBCs, which may help to monitor the happening and prognosis of IgAN.
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Observational Study
Short-term mortality from HIV-infected persons diagnosed from 2012 to 2016: Impact of late diagnosis of HIV infection.
We investigated the temporal trends of short-term mortality (death within 1 year of diagnosis) and cause-specific deaths in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons by stage of HIV infection at diagnosis. We also assessed the impact of late diagnosis (LD) on short-term mortality. Epidemiological records of HIV-infected Singapore residents from the National HIV Registry were linked to death records from the Registry of Births and Deaths for observational analyses. ⋯ The PARP of short-term mortality due to LD was 77.8% for all deaths by natural causes, and 87.8% for HIV/AIDS-related deaths. The mortality rate of HIV-infected persons with LD was higher than nLD, especially within 1 year of diagnosis, and HIV/AIDS-related causes constituted majority of these deaths. To reduce short-term mortality, persons at high risk of late-stage HIV infection should be targeted in outreach efforts to promote health screening and remove barriers to HIV testing and treatment.