Medicine
-
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score is being widely used as a useful predictor to investigate patients with head injury. High red cell distribution width (RDW) values have been independently associated with mortality and poor neurological outcome. However, there are few data available for Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage (SIH) in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. ⋯ The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for GCS score was 0.849 (95% CI 0.729-0.970) while that for RDW was 0.743 (95% CI 0.596-0.891). The AUC for the combined prediction was 0.916 (95% CI 0.828-1.000), with a sensitivity of 90.63% and a specificity of 88.46%. In conclusion, high RDW and low GCS score were useful and independent poor prognostic markers for in-hospital mortality of MHD patients with SIH.
-
The prevalence of Neisseria gonorrhea (GC) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is higher at extragenital anatomic sites among men who have sex with men (MSM) with HIV infection. Although national guidelines recommend that all MSM with HIV infection undergo screening for extragenital sexually transmitted infections (EG-STIs), uptake is low in many primary care settings. We evaluated EG-STI screening by primary care providers (PCPs) for US Air Force (USAF) members with incident HIV infection. ⋯ EG-STI screening uptake was low among PCPs evaluating USAF members with incident HIV infection. Underutilization of EG-STI screening can result in missed infections and forward transmission of GC/CT. Barriers to low uptake need to be explored.
-
The pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) involves various mediators, including cytokines and chemokines, which are produced by immune cells, such as dendritic cells and lymphocytes, and non-immune cells, such as epidermal cells. Several mediators, including thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), are used as biomarkers for AD severity and activity. However, additional local and systemic biomarkers of AD are required. ⋯ This is an important study exploring potential local and systemic biomarkers of AD. The results of this study will be clinically meaningful for the discovery of new biomarkers for diagnosing and assessing the severity of AD.
-
Although rare, the rates of diagnosis of male breast cancer (MBC) have been increasing over the years, and it can be quite aggressive in the male organism. Some strategies such as health education disseminating knowledge about MBC can be essential for early discovery and finding better prognosis. ⋯ This scoping review will provide evidence of how health education on MBC is being addressed in health systems. Evidence can help healthcare professionals and patients recognize the most effective educational inventions in disseminating knowledge and preventing MBC.
-
The incidence rate and mortality rate of lung cancer (LC) are very high. This study aimed to analyze the T lymphocyte subsets and programmed death-1 (PD-1) expression on lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and explore whether there were changes in cellular immunity in NSCLC. Peripheral blood samples were collected from newly diagnosed NSCLC patients and healthy individuals. ⋯ The PD-1 expression on lymphocytes increased in recurrent patients who treated with PD-1 inhibitor. Lym2 may be tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) which upregulated PD-1 expression in NSCLC. PD-1 expression on lymphocytes may be used as a recurrence indicator for NSCLC patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors.