Medicine
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Observational Study
Does type II diabetes mellitus increase the morbidity of patients with diverticulitis?
Diverticular disease is a common condition that has numerous complications. Understanding the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on these complications, especially diverticulitis, is crucial for optimizing patient care. This study aimed to determine the relationship between type II DM and the complications of colonic diverticulitis. ⋯ A greater incidence of complications and a higher category of Hinchey classification were associated with DM compared to nondiabetics. Additionally, diabetics underwent more surgical interventions and had longer hospital stays. Diabetics with diverticulitis require particular care to prevent severe complications.
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This study investigates the efficacy and safety of transurethral prostate laser resection (HoLEP) with preservation of the urethral mucosa from the bladder neck to the tip of the prostate for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). A retrospective study was conducted on 208 patients with BPH treated at our hospital. In the control group, the urethral mucosa from the bladder neck to the tip of the prostate was not retained during surgery to ensure maximum removal of possible diseased tissue. ⋯ The occurrence of complications such as urethral injury, urinary incontinence, urinary retention, and postoperative bleeding was compared between the 2 groups of patients (P > .05). The efficacy and safety of performing HoLEP treatment for BPH patients with preservation of the urethral mucosa from the bladder neck to the tip of the prostate are comparable to those without preservation. However, it can improve immediate urinary continence rate and reduce retrograde ejaculation rate.
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Observational Study
A retrospective study for clinical characteristics of 293 patients with dermatomyositis.
This retrospective study aimed to investigate differences in clinical characteristics between different antibody phenotypes in patients with dermatomyositis (DM). Two hundred and ninety-three patients with DM were included in this study from September 2018 to September 2023. We collected basic clinical data from the patients, using statistical methods to analyze the clinical characteristics, and used survival analysis and COX regression to assess the prognosis of the patients. ⋯ The clinical features of DM are associated with myositis-specific antibodies. At the same time, advanced age, fever, elevated γ-glutamyl transferase levels, and reduced C3 and eosinophil levels may be associated with poor prognosis in patients with DM. These data may provide useful information for clinical management of patients with DM.
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Impact of cytotoxic therapy on clonal hematopoiesis and myeloid neoplasms in breast cancer patients.
Clonal hematopoiesis (CH), which is characterized by variants of hematopoietic stem cells, increases the risk of subsequent myeloid neoplasms (MNs). This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of CH variants in breast cancer (BC) patients treated with cytotoxic therapy (CT), focusing on those who developed MNs after cytotoxic therapy (MN-pCT). We retrospectively analyzed 107 BC patients from a biobank and sequenced peripheral blood and bone marrow samples from 31 CH-associated genes at 2 time points. ⋯ TP53 was the most frequently mutated gene, but it did not significantly affect MN-pCT risk compared to patients without CH variants. Although the presence of CH did not directly predict MN-pCT development in patients with BC, CT induced changes in CH genes. Further studies are required to determine the role of specific CH variants in the risk of MN-pCT and their potential as predictive biomarkers.
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Thoracolumbar burst fracture treatment in neurologically intact patients is controversial with many classification systems to help guide management. Thoracolumbar Injury Classification and Severity score (TLICS) provides a framework, but evidence is limited, and recommendations are primarily based on expert opinion. In this retrospective cohort study, data was reviewed for patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures at a Level-1 Trauma Center in New England from 2013 to 2018. ⋯ Two patients (6%) developed radicular pain with mobilization, which resolved after surgical intervention. No patients experienced decline in neurologic function. A trial of mobilization for neurologically intact TLICS grade 4 and 5 thoracolumbar burst fractures is a safe and reasonable treatment option that resulted in successful nonoperative management of 21 out of 31 (68%) patients.