Medicine
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Case Reports
Rectal foreign body of a cosmetic bottle treated successfully by transanal retrieval: A case report.
Retained rectal foreign bodies (RFBs) are unusual clinical presentations whose management is challenging for emergency physicians owing to variations in the object types, anorectal anatomy, sacral curvature, insertion times, and local contamination. Here, we present the diagnosis and treatment in 1 case of retained rectal foreign body. ⋯ This case proves that lateral internal sphincterotomy can be performed to remove retained rectal foreign bodies if sufficient sphincter relaxation and anal dilatation cannot be achieved with proper anesthesia.
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Transcription factors play a crucial role in the biosynthesis of tanshinones, which are significant secondary metabolites derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza, commonly known as Danshen. These compounds have extensive pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective effects. ⋯ We discuss the emerging mechanisms by which these transcription factors influence the synthesis of tanshinones, both positively and negatively, by directly regulating gene expression or forming complex regulatory networks. Additionally, the review highlights the potential applications of these insights in enhancing tanshinone production through genetic and metabolic engineering, setting the stage for future advancements in medicinal plant research.
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The journey of bone repair is a lengthy process. Traditionally, oral or topical medications have been employed to facilitate healing, approaches that are not only costly but may also lead to adverse effects such as gastrointestinal damage. With advancements in electrophysiology, the significance of bioelectric activity in tissue repair has become increasingly prominent, thereby enhancing the focus on research into electroacupuncture (EA) for bone repair. ⋯ Additionally, EA has the potential to regulate cytokines such as Ephrin type-B receptor 4 (EphB4), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), Erythropoietin (EPO), and Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP-2), thus promoting angiogenesis and fracture healing. This paper explores the mechanisms by which EA facilitates bone healing and assesses its advantages and limitations in clinical applications. It offers a theoretical foundation for the safe, effective, and rational use of EA, presenting a novel approach for enhancing bone regeneration.
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The objective was to study the risk factors of venous thrombosis after ankle fracture with type 2 diabetes mellitus surgery using a tourniquet and to assess the effect of ischemic preconditioning and metformin combination therapy in preventing thrombosis. One hundred eighty patients with ankle fractures combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with lower extremity tourniquet surgery between January 2020 and December 2023 were analyzed. Based on postoperative color Doppler ultrasound of both lower extremities, the patients were divided into thrombus-positive and negative groups. ⋯ The differences between the 2 groups in gender, age, fracture site, preoperative glycosylated hemoglobin, thromboelastography parameters, duration of surgery, D-dimer level at 1-week postoperatively, and thromboelastography K, α, and MA values were not statistically significant (P > .05); however, there was no statistically significant difference in the preoperative D-dimer level, tourniquet duration, bleeding volume, thromboelastography R-value at 1-week postoperatively, and ischemic preconditioning in combination with metformin treatment patient There was a significant difference in the proportion (P < .05). Multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative high D-dimer, prolonged tourniquet application, massive bleeding, and increased thromboelastography R-value at 1-week postoperatively were independent risk factors, and ischemic preconditioning combined with metformin was a protective factor. Preoperative high D-dimer, prolonged tourniquet application, massive bleeding, and increased thromboelastography R-value at 1-week postoperatively were independent risk factors for postoperative venous thrombosis in patients with ankle fracture with type 2 diabetes mellitus and ischemic preconditioning combined with metformin treatment was a protective measure, and the prediction model is valuable in guiding clinical thrombosis risk assessment.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Ultrasound-guided femoral nerve block reduced the incidence of postoperative delirium after total knee arthroplasty: A double-blind, randomized study.
Postoperative delirium (POD) is an acute brain dysfunction that mainly occurs in elderly patients after surgery. Postoperative pain is an important factor in the occurrence of POD, and effective pain management can reduce the risk of POD. Our study aims is to investigate the effect of ultrasound-guided femoral nerve block (FNB) on postoperative pain and the occurrence of POD after knee arthroplasty, and whether its mechanism is related to oxidative stress, inflammatory factors. ⋯ Ultrasound-guided FNB can reduce the incidence of POD after knee replacement surgery, and its mechanism may be related to analgesia improvement and reduction of postoperative inflammatory reaction.