Medicine
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Observational Study
Spectacle-wearing compliance and its associated determinants among infants with bilateral corrective refractive errors: An observational study.
This study aimed to evaluate spectacle-wearing compliance and identify the determinants associated with it in infants with bilateral corrective refractive errors. Infants aged < 3 years with bilateral corrective refractive errors who were supplied with spectacles for > 1 month were enrolled at the pediatric comprehensive clinic of Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center. Spectacle-wearing compliance was evaluated by calculating the percentage of spectacle-wearing time in the awake time (STIT), and its potential determinants were identified based on interviews with the infants' caregivers using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. ⋯ Besides, spectacle-wearing compliance was positively correlated with the weight of spectacles (P < .01), exhibiting a decreasing trend with the weight of spectacles. Overall, spectacle-wearing compliance requires improvement. Moreover, efficient strategies aimed at improving spectacle-wearing compliance, such as enhancing communication between caregivers of different infants regarding spectacle-wearing experience, raising awareness about the importance of wearing spectacles, and reducing the weight of spectacles, are urgently needed.
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Cellular blue nevus is an uncommon neoplasm in the spine. ⋯ Invasive cellular blue nevus of the spine can be wrongly diagnosed as spinal meningeal melanocytoma and meningeal melanoma due to its special cell behavior and rarity. Therefore, it is important to understand its pathological and clinical characteristics to avoid over-treatment.
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Optic neuritis frequently occurs during the clinical course of multiple sclerosis (MS). In this condition, demyelination of the optic nerve occurs, which electrophysiologically causes a delay in P100 wave latency. Sensitive cholesterol homeostasis is critical for the formation of the myelin sheath and for myelin to become functionally mature. ⋯ PON values were significantly lower, whereas the MPO/PON ratios were significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group (P = .025; P = .028, respectively). A statistically significant positive correlation was found between the elevated MPO/PON ratio, representing dysfunctional HDL, and both the mean and maximum PRVEP-P100 wave latencies (P < .001, R = 0.690; P < .001, R = 0.815, respectively). A dysfunctional form of HDL may lead to poor deactivation of remyelination-limiting factors and may ultimately be associated with poor outcomes in optic neuritis.
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Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a common hip disorder in infants. Ultrasonographic screening is considered the most reliable method for early detection of DDH in newborn infants. This study aimed to determine the incidence of DDH at King Abdulaziz University Hospital. ⋯ Ultrasonography (US) should be used as a complementary imaging modality for clinical examination of DDH. Infants with breech presentation, clicky hip, and skeletal deformity should be scanned by US. Further prospective studies are recommended.
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This study aims to investigate the relationship between the human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and the altered vaginal microecological environment of patients. Initially, HPV genotyping and microecological detection were performed in 1281 subjects in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao (Qinhuangdao, China). The relationship between the enzymes of vaginal microecology, that is, proline aminopeptidase and acetylglucosaminidase, and vaginal inflammatory diseases, as well as the prognosis of HPV infection, was analyzed. ⋯ Furthermore, the observations indicated that positive prolyl aminopeptidase and acetylglucosaminidase could increase the risk of various subtypes of HPV infection in patients. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis presented that the expression of prolyl aminopeptidase and acetylglucosaminidase could offer exceptional diagnostic efficacy, indicating their association with persistent HPV infection. In summary, our results highlighted that the expression of positive prolyl aminopeptidase and acetylglucosaminidase in the vaginal microecology could be substantially correlated to the occurrence and the development of vaginal inflammatory diseases, as well as the outcome and the risk of persistent HPV infection.