Medicine
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This study aims to visualize publications related to venous thromboembolism (VTE) and lower limb joint arthroplasty to identify research frontiers and hotspots, providing references and guidance for further research. We retrieved original articles published from 1985 to 2022 and their recorded information from the Web of Science Core Collection. The search strategy used terms related to knee or hip arthroplasty and thromboembolic events. ⋯ The latest research trend mainly involved "general anesthesia" "revision" and "tranexamic acid." This bibliometric study revealed that the research on VTE after lower limb joint arthroplasty is developing rapidly. The United States of America leads in terms of both quantity and quality of publications, while European and Canadian institutions and authors also make significant contributions. Recent research focused on the use of tranexamic acid, anesthesia selection, and the VTE risk in revision surgeries.
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Approximately 38 million people worldwide are affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with 4000 new infections daily. While literature explores HIV mortality among the elderly in the US, there is an underrepresentation of mortality data for adults. By scrutinizing mortality trends based on demographic factors such as gender, race or ethnicity, age groups, and geographic location, the study seeks to uncover patterns that may facilitate a longitudinal perspective for tailoring interventions and allocating resources effectively. ⋯ Mortality rate peaked in age groups 45 to 54 (8.65) and 35 to 44 (7.42). While overall HIV mortality is declining, disparities persist among demographics. Targeted interventions are crucial to improve preventive measures and healthcare access for disproportionately affected groups.
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Case Reports
Pure 46, XY gonadal dysgenesis and 46, XY complete androgen insensitivity syndrome: A case report.
Disorders of sex development (DSD) are congenital conditions characterized by atypical development of chromosomal, gonadal, and phenotypic sex. 46, XY DSD can result from disorders of testicular development or androgen synthesis. ⋯ Laparoscopic bilateral prophylactic gonadectomy and long-term hormone therapy with patient counseling and support are recommended.
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The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between quality of life and dementia caregivers. The 2019 Korean Community Health Survey participants were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and SCD-related functional limitation, and EuroQol 5-dimension (EQ-5D). Sociodemographic and psychosocial variables were evaluated and compared between participants with dementia caregivers (n = 37,614) and non-dementia caregivers (n = 140,518). ⋯ After adjusting for multiple confoundings, the odds ratio (OR) for depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 ≥ 10), SCD, SCD-related functional limitation, and lowest quartile of the EQ-5D index scores in the dementia caregivers group were 1.43 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.29-1.59), 1.30 (95% CI: 1.24-1.36), 1.26 (95% CI: 1.20-1.32), and 1.22 (95% CI: 1.16-1.29), respectively. Physical activity (OR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.43-1.52), self-control (OR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.35-1.47), daily activity (OR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.50-1.60), pain (OR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.58-1.67), and anxiety/depression (OR: 2.17; 95% CI: 2.10-2.24) were all more common among participants in the dementia caregivers group than in the non-dementia family caregivers group. Depression, SCD, and a lower quality of life are linked to dementia caregivers, especially if there is moderate to severe anxiety or depression.
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Observational Study
Exploring the correlates of frailty among hospitalized older adults: A cross-sectional study in a Saudi teaching hospital.
Frailty is an important public health concern associated with aging. It increases the risk of adverse clinical outcomes, such as falls, late-life dependency, hospitalization, disability, and mortality. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of frailty and to identify factors associated with frailty among older adults (≥65 years) admitted to King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. ⋯ High comorbidity index, heart failure, and polypharmacy were strong predictors of frailty. Patients with frailty were more likely to have a prolonged hospital stay than those without frailty. Therefore, early detection of frailty and proper intervention are essential for improving health outcomes in this vulnerable population.