Medicine
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To assess the efficacy and safety of upadacitinib in adolescents with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD). ⋯ The findings from this meta-analysis indicate that upadacitinib demonstrates substantial effectiveness and tolerability in treating moderate to severe AD in adolescents. Moreover, upadacitinib provides a rapid reduction in pruritus and markedly ameliorates symptoms and signs, with the 30 mg dosage showing a more pronounced therapeutic effect relative to the 15 mg dosage.
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Tranexamic acid (TXA) is commonly used to reduce perioperative bleeding in various surgeries, including acetabular and pelvic fractures treated with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). However, research on TXA's effectiveness and safety in this context is conflicting. To address this, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on TXA's efficacy and safety in patients with acetabular and pelvic fractures undergoing ORIF. ⋯ TXA did not demonstrate a significant benefit in reducing perioperative bleeding or complications in patients treated with ORIF for acetabular and pelvic fractures. The utilization of TXA in such clinical scenarios remains a topic necessitating further rigorous investigation to delineate its role in this clinical setting.
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Meta Analysis
Prevalence of nephropathy among diabetic patients in North American region: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Nephropathy is one of the most common microvascular impediments of diabetes mellitus. In this study, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of nephropathy in diabetic patients across the North American region. ⋯ The prevalence of nephropathy among diabetic patients was found lower in the United States of America as compared to Canada and Mexico. Besides, the pooled prevalence of the North American region was found to be lower as compared to the African, European, and Asian regions. Minimizing the pathogenic factors, sufficient diagnostic, healthcare facilities, and awareness are recommended to improve the situation.
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Melatonin (MLT) is crucial in controlling human sleep-wake patterns. While it has long been recognized for regulating circadian rhythms, its demonstrated efficacy in managing various diseases has recently gained considerable attention. ⋯ Numerous preventative and therapeutic applications of MLT have been proposed, resulting from its ability to function as an antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and immune-regulating agent. There is a need for further research to determine MLT's long-term effects on antioxidant defense systems, its preventative and therapeutic benefits, and its molecular basis.
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This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety between electromagnetic navigational bronchoscopy (ENB) and computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous localization before resection of pulmonary nodules. ⋯ Both ENB and CT-guided are valuable technologies in localizing lung nodules before video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery based on current investigations. ENB achieved a lower pneumothorax rate than the CT-guided group. In our opinion, there is no perfect method, and decision-making should be given the actual circumstances of each institute. Future prospective studies in the form of a randomized trial are needed to confirm their clinical value.