Medicine
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Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most prevalent gynecologic malignancy, with a higher risk in obese women, suggesting the potential involvement of gut microbiota in the progression of EC. However, there is no direct evidence of a connection between EC and the human gut microbiota. Using metagenomic sequencing, we investigated the relationship between gut microbiome imbalance and cancer development in patients with EC. ⋯ The results showed that the composition of bacterial colonies in both groups was dominated by Firmicutes, which had a higher proportion in the control group, followed by Bacteroidetes in the control group and Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes in the case group. The abundance of Klebsiella (P = .02) was significantly higher, and the abundance of Alistipes (P = .04), Anearobutyricum (P = .01), and bacteria in Firmicutes such as Oscillospira and Catenibacterium was markedly lower in the case group than in the control group. These results demonstrated conclusively that a gut microbiome imbalance was associated with the development of EC.
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Retroperitoneal liposarcoma is a rare and complex tumor originating from the mesenchymal tissues, with no specific manifestations in the early stage, and a large tumor size in the late stage. Patients often consult a physician because of large abdominal mass, increased abdominal circumference, and abdominal pain, and rarely because of leukocytosis. ⋯ Retroperitoneal liposarcoma is highly malignant and prone to recurrence. Radical surgery is currently the primary treatment modality for patients with this condition. Analogous to cancer patients, those with elevated white blood cell counts and retroperitoneal liposarcoma may have poor prognoses, with a high likelihood of local recurrence and distant metastasis. Close postoperative follow-up is necessary. Therefore, regular postoperative review of blood routine may be a relatively economical and convenient method for the early detection of recurrence and metastasis of retroperitoneal liposarcoma.
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The current diagnostic approach for urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) relies on symptoms and imaging. Nevertheless, the diagnosis can be challenging in advanced cases presenting with atypical imaging and symptoms. This article presents an unreported case with atypical imaging and symptoms to provide some experience in diagnosing advanced UTUC. ⋯ This case is a rare and enlightening clinical scenario. When imaging reveals renal infection accompanied by varicocele or renal vein embolism, it is crucial to consider the possibility of advanced UTUC.
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The pectoralis major and minor muscles, located in the anterior chest wall, are crucial for upper limb movements. ⋯ This case report is significant due to the rarity of this condition without accompanying anatomical variations. Understanding this variant is valuable for clinical situations involving the shoulder and thorax region, such as trauma to the proximal third of the humerus, clavicular region, suprascapular region, and anterior chest wall. It may complicate conservative and/or surgical treatments due to different functional and irrigation patterns in the area and is also important for educating future professionals.
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Case Reports
Uncommon yet critical: Pulmonary embolism in a 14-year-old Nigerian child: A case report.
Pulmonary embolism is a rare life-threatening condition in pediatric populations. Diagnosis is often challenging in resource-constrained settings suffering chronic shortages of specialist and diagnostic services. We report the prompt recognition and challenging management of pulmonary embolism in an adolescent presenting to a private specialist hospital in a resource-constrained country. Although, majority of the Nigerian population utilize private healthcare, most centers are not equipped with sophisticated radiological and advanced laboratory services. These services were outsourced to a recently equipped state-owned tertiary hospital. ⋯ The case highlights the need for low-resource settings to address diagnostic limitations and emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to managing pulmonary embolism cases. It also adds to the growing evidence of the effective role of pharmacological therapy in the management of pulmonary embolism.