Medicine
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The correlation between cathepsins and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is well-established, but the causative link between them remains uncertain. This study aimed to explore the causal role of circulating metabolites mediating cathepsins in PAH using Mendelian randomization (MR). A 2-sample 2-step MR method was used to identify causal relationship between cathepsins and PAH; causal relationship between circulating metabolites and PAH; and mediated effects of these circulating metabolites. ⋯ Cathepsin S was associated with high risk of PAH (OR: 1.346, 95% CI: 1.039-1.742, P = .024), and positively with circulating metabolite 1-oleoylglycerol (18:1) levels (OR: 1.062, 95% CI: 1.018-1.108, P = .005). Finally, mediation analysis showed evidence of mediated effect of cathepsin S on PAH through 1-oleoylglycerol (18:1) levels (OR: 0.062, CI: 0.0183-0.106) with a mediated proportion of 20.9% of the total effect. This study reveals cathepsin S increases the risk of PAH mediating by circulating metabolite 1-oleoylglycerol (18:1) levels.
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Gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) is a rare acquired lesion characterized by vascular dilation in the gastric antrum, frequently results in occult or overt gastrointestinal bleeding. Endoscopic intervention remains the cornerstone of therapy. Argon plasma coagulation was previously considered a first treatment option. But recently, endoscopic band ligation (EBL) has emerged as an alternative, increasingly favored for its safety and efficacy. Nonetheless, a consensus on the most effective treatment approach has yet to be established. ⋯ The combination of EBL with lauromacrogol injection has shown a satisfactory short-term outcome, providing a new option for the endoscopic management of GAVE. However, its long-term efficacy still requires further observation.
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This study explores the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D/calcium/alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels and kidney stone development via cross-sectional and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013 to 2018 to explore the associations of 25(OH)D metabolite, calcium, and ALP levels with kidney stone development, LDSC analysis to determine the associations between their genetically predicted levels and kidney stone development, and MR analysis to determine the causality of those relationship via genome-wide association studies (GWASs). The cross-sectional study revealed a relationship between ALP levels and kidney stone development (Model 1: OR = 1.004, 95% CI = 1.001-1.007, P = .005; Model 2: OR = 1.004, 95% CI = 1.001-1.007, P = .007; Model 3: OR = 1.003, 95% CI = 1.001-1.006, P = .011) in both men and women. ⋯ Our study strongly supports a positive association between kidney stone development and ALP levels. Although observational studies did not reveal an association between calcium levels and kidney stone development, MR analysis suggested a positive association between calcium levels and kidney stone development. Our study provides new and more reliable evidence and research directions for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of kidney stones.
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Social media are Internet-based services that allow participation in online communities and exchanges. Considering the high and increasing statistics of the use of social media all over the world and its impact on people's lives, the present study aimed to determine the relationship between social media and nutritional attitudes and body image shame among Iranian female students. This cross-sectional study was performed on 201 female student of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran from May to December 2023. ⋯ Furthermore, students' attitude towards nutrition had a significant and positive effect on the indicator of body image shame of students (P < .001). The findings underscore the need for interventions that address the negative effects of social media on young women's perceptions of their bodies and their relationship with food. By promoting media literacy, body positivity, and healthy nutritional attitudes, it is possible to mitigate the harmful effects of social media and support the well-being of young women.
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Observational Study
Association between neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein ratio and no-reflow after coronary intervention: A cross-sectional study.
Inflammatory responses and lipid metabolism disorders are key components in the development of coronary artery disease and contribute to no-reflow after coronary intervention. This study aimed to investigate the association between the neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein ratio (NHR) and no-reflow phenomenon in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). This study enrolled 288 patients with STEMI from September 1st, 2022 to February 29th, 2024, in the Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University. ⋯ Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that NHR was an independent risk factor for no-reflow (OR = 1.241, 95% CI: 1.142-1.349, P < .001). In the receiver operating characteristic curve of NHR diagnosis of no-reflow, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.740 (95% CI: 0.671-0.809, P < .001), and the optimal critical value was 7.88, which indicates sensitivity and specificity were 71.6% and 71.50%. NHR may serve as a risk mark for STEMI patients with no-reflow after PPCI, and has diagnosis value for its occurrence.