Medicine
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Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common allergic inflammatory disease that affects the upper respiratory tract. Although previous research suggests a potential association between gut microbiota alterations and AR, the causal relationship remains unclear. This study employs Mendelian randomization (MR) to reduce confounding factors and reverse causality. ⋯ In addition, of the 29 immune cell types correlated with CRS, 12 were found to increase risk, while 17 reduced it. Notably, CAG-884 indirectly influenced CRS risk by affecting the proportion of TD double negative (CD4-CD8-) % T cells, with a mediating effect ratio of 36.4%. Our findings confirm a causal relationship between gut microbiota and immune cells in relation to CRS, underscoring the mediating role of immune cells in this interaction.
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Despite improvements in environmental sanitation and healthcare, the infection rate of soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) remains high in low socioeconomic regions of developing countries including Vietnam. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and intensity of STH infections among primary school children in Meo Vac, Ha Giang: a poor mountainous province in Vietnam. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from October to November 2023, involving 400 participants. ⋯ The majority of infections were of light intensity. To address this issue, government efforts should focus on educating the public about STH causes, transmission routes, and negative impacts. Improving personal and environmental hygiene and ensuring access to clean water are essential measures.
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Observational Study
Application of Orem's self-care model in postoperative rehabilitation of patients undergoing digit replantation.
Digit replantation is often caused by sudden trauma, with 75% of amputated patients being low-income, low-education workers, and adding societal pressure. Orem's self-care model emphasizes self-care and may be an optimal nursing model for digit replantation, but its clinical application and research are limited. This study explores Orem's self-care model's impact on digit replantation. ⋯ Higher education levels correlated with higher self-efficacy (P < .05). After matching, the experimental group outperformed the control group in functional recovery, sensory recovery, daily living ability, and self-efficacy. Orem's self-care model improves physical recovery and promotes psychological recognition in digit replantation patients.
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Observational Study
The effect of maternal and fetal weight on the risk of emergency cesarean section in nulliparous women.
Although many studies based on different ethnic groups have analyzed the impact of maternal and infant weight on overall cesarean section rates in recent years, research on the impact of maternal and infant weight on emergency cesarean section (EmCS) rates is lacking, especially in the Chinese population. This study aimed to analyze whether maternal and fetal weight could influence the risk of EmCS. A total of 8427 nulliparous women who delivered vaginally (full-term, singleton, and cephalic presentation) were included in this study and divided into the normal vaginal delivery (VD) and EmCS groups. ⋯ Compared with the fetal distress group, the weight of newborns in the nonfetal distress group was significantly higher (P < .001), and the main cause of EmCS in women with macrosomia, large for gestational age, or birth weight ≥ 3550 g was fetal distress (P < .05). The prepregnancy maternal and fetal weights can affect the risk of EmCS. Weight management should be enhanced to control gestational weight gain according to the prepregnancy body mass index to reduce the risk of EmCS due to failed VD.
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This study evaluates the impact of refined nursing interventions on patients with schizophrenia, focusing on disease severity, cognitive function, medication adherence, quality of life, and medication-related complications. The aim is to provide evidence for enhancing future clinical treatments. From January 2022 to January 2024, 201 schizophrenia patients were enrolled based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. ⋯ Following nursing interventions, the experimental group demonstrated significant improvements in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale scores, cognitive assessments (Mini-Mental State Examination and Nurses' Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation), medication adherence, and quality of life compared to the control group. The experimental group also showed lower relapse rates and fewer medication side effects, confirming the enhanced effectiveness of refined nursing interventions. Refined nursing care significantly improved disease outcomes, cognitive function, medication adherence, and quality of life in schizophrenia patients, while reducing relapse rates and medication-related complications, highlighting its clinical value in psychiatric care.