Medicine
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Case Reports
Primary malignant melanoma of the vagina: A case report of a rare disease that is difficult to diagnose.
Malignant melanoma is a rare cancer that accounts for approximately 1% of all cancers. Primary malignant melanoma of the female genital tract accounts for approximately 3% to 7% of all malignant melanomas, and 0.3% to 0.8% of all melanomas in women. It affects postmenopausal women ages 60 to 80 years. Various hormonal factors, including puberty, pregnancy, menopause, oral contraceptive use, and human papillomavirus infection are associated with primary malignant melanoma of the vagina. ⋯ To consider the possibility of primary malignant melanoma of vagina, postmenopausal women, particularly those who with human papillomavirus infection, should be performed thorough examination regardless of symptoms of vaginal bleeding or discharge.
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Comparative Study
Internal fixation vs manual reduction in the treatment of ankle fracture healing and inflammation: A case-control study.
Ankle fractures are among the most common bone injuries, which are often accompanied by soft tissue injuries. Proper management of these fractures is crucial to promote healing and minimize complications. This study explores the effects of 2 treatment methods for ankle fractures: open reduction and internal fixation and manual reduction followed by plaster external fixation. ⋯ It leads to better fracture healing, shorter recovery times, and fewer complications, including nonunion. Manual reduction with external fixation remains a viable option but may be associated with a higher risk of nonunion and delayed healing. Early and effective management of soft tissue injuries is crucial for improving treatment outcomes in ankle fractures.
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Observational Study
Association between preoperative serum albumin levels and length of stay in elderly patients with hip fractures: A nonlinear relationship.
Previous studies have provided relatively limited evidence in examining the impact of preoperative serum albumin levels on the length of hospital stay (LOS) in patients with hip fractures. This study aimed to elucidate the association between preoperative serum albumin levels and LOS in elderly patients with hip fractures. This retrospective cohort study included 1444 elderly patients undergoing surgical treatment for hip fractures at the Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen from January 2012 to December 2021. ⋯ A nonlinear relationship was observed between preoperative serum albumin levels and LOS in elderly patients with hip fractures. When albumin levels were >3.06 g/dL, they were negatively correlated with LOS. This has important implications for clinicians in the development of nutritional improvement strategies.
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To assess whether metabolic syndrome can be used as a reference index to evaluate the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment for breast cancer (BC). Seventy cases of female BC patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment and surgical treatment at the Glandular Surgery Department of Hebei Provincial People's Hospital from January 2021 to December 2023 were retrospectively collected, and clinical data such as puncture pathology were recorded. The clinical data were analyzed by 1-way analysis using the χ2 test, and further multifactorial logistic regression analysis was performed for statistically significant differences. ⋯ MetS and its components were analyzed by lasso regression analysis with RStudio 4.41 software to conclude that hypertension, hyperglycemia, and high-density lipoprotein were all correlates affecting the pathologic complete response (pCR), and a column-line graph was plotted, with a C-index of 0.76, indicating a good predictive efficacy. ER, PR status, Her-2 status and the presence of MetS are independent predictors for assessing the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in BC, and MetS can be used as a predictor of the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Clinical references are provided.
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Case Reports
De novo KCNB1 missense variant causing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy: Two case reports.
Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) defines a group of severe and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders. The voltage-gated potassium channel subfamily 2 voltage-gated potassium channel α subunit encoded by the KCNB1 gene is essential for neuronal excitability. Previous studies have shown that KCNB1 variants can cause DEE. Herein, we report the cases of 2 children with DEE caused by pathogenic variants in the KCNB1 gene. Trio whole-exome sequencing identified novel KCNB1 genotypes, c. 1160C > A and c.1012C > T, which had not been reported previously, in 2 unrelated patients. ⋯ This study confirmed that genetic testing provides a basis for the diagnosis of children with abnormal electroencephalogram and brain magnetic resonance imaging findings and developmental delay, and provides data supporting a future phenotype-genotype correlation study.