JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association
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To examine national age-, race-, and sex-specific trends in unintentional drowning rates among US children aged 0 through 19 years. ⋯ Drowning rates in toddlers have changed little over time despite the availability of effective prevention strategies such as pool fencing. In older children, drowning rates have declined dramatically despite the lack of clear preventive initiatives. Prevention interventions targeted specifically at the infant and toddler age groups should receive priority.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Salmeterol xinafoate as maintenance therapy compared with albuterol in patients with asthma.
To compare the efficacy and safety of inhaled salmeterol xinafoate, a long-acting beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist, with that of albuterol, a short-acting inhaled beta 2-agonist, in the treatment of asthma. ⋯ Salmeterol inhaled twice daily is more effective than albuterol inhaled four times a day (or as needed) in patients with asthma requiring maintenance therapy. No deterioration of asthma control was observed with the use of salmeterol over a 3-month period.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Evaluation of active compression-decompression CPR in victims of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
OBJECTIVE--Active compression-decompression (ACD) cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) appears to improve ventilation and coronary perfusion when compared with standard CPR. The objective was to evaluate potential benefits of this new CPR technique in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in St Paul, Minn. DESIGN--Ten-month, prospective, randomized parallel-group design. ⋯ Complication rates in patients admitted to the hospital were similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS--This study demonstrates that ACD CPR appears to be more effective than standard CPR in a well-defined subset of victims of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest during the critical early phases of resuscitation. Based on this study, a larger study should be performed to evaluate the potential long-term benefits of ACD CPR.