JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Behavioral training with and without biofeedback in the treatment of urge incontinence in older women: a randomized controlled trial.
Previous research on urge urinary incontinence has demonstrated that multicomponent behavioral training with biofeedback is safe and effective, yet it has not been established whether biofeedback is an essential component that heightens therapeutic efficacy. ⋯ Biofeedback to teach pelvic floor muscle control, verbal feedback based on vaginal palpation, and a self-help booklet in a first-line behavioral training program all achieved comparable improvements in urge incontinence in community-dwelling older women. Patients' perceptions of treatment were significantly better for the 2 behavioral training interventions.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effects of cognitive training interventions with older adults: a randomized controlled trial.
Cognitive function in older adults is related to independent living and need for care. However, few studies have addressed whether improving cognitive functions might have short- or long-term effects on activities related to living independently. ⋯ Results support the effectiveness and durability of the cognitive training interventions in improving targeted cognitive abilities. Training effects were of a magnitude equivalent to the amount of decline expected in elderly persons without dementia over 7- to 14-year intervals. Because of minimal functional decline across all groups, longer follow-up is likely required to observe training effects on everyday function.
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Review
Physician staffing patterns and clinical outcomes in critically ill patients: a systematic review.
Intensive care unit (ICU) physician staffing varies widely, and its association with patient outcomes remains unclear. ⋯ High-intensity vs low-intensity ICU physician staffing is associated with reduced hospital and ICU mortality and hospital and ICU LOS.
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Motor vehicles struck and killed 4739 pedestrians in the United States in the year 2000. Older pedestrians are at especially high risk. ⋯ Crosswalk markings appear associated with increased risk of pedestrian-motor vehicle collision to older pedestrians at sites where no signal or stop sign is present to halt traffic.