JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association
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Prices for newer analogue insulin products have increased. Lower-cost human insulin may be effective for many patients with type 2 diabetes. ⋯ Among Medicare beneficiaries with type 2 diabetes, implementation of a health plan program that involved switching patients from analogue to human insulin was associated with a small increase in population-level HbA1c.
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This systematic review to support the 2019 US Preventive Services Task Force Reaffirmation Recommendation Statement on ocular prophylaxis for gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum summarizes published evidence on the benefits and harms of ocular topical medication to prevent gonococcal conjunctival infection in newborns.
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Practice Guideline
Ocular Prophylaxis for Gonococcal Ophthalmia Neonatorum: US Preventive Services Task Force Reaffirmation Recommendation Statement.
In the United States, the rate of gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum was an estimated 0.4 cases per 100 000 live births per year from 2013 to 2017. Gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum can cause corneal scarring, ocular perforation, and blindness as early as 24 hours after birth. In the absence of ocular prophylaxis, transmission rates of gonococcal infection from mother to newborn are 30% to 50%. ⋯ The USPSTF recommends prophylactic ocular topical medication for all newborns to prevent gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum. (A recommendation).