JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association
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Approximately 23 700 US children undergo invasive mechanical ventilation for acute respiratory failure annually, with unknown long-term effects on neurocognitive function. ⋯ Among children, survival of PICU hospitalization for respiratory failure and discharge without severe cognitive dysfunction was associated with significantly lower subsequent IQ scores compared with matched siblings. However, the magnitude of the difference was small and of uncertain clinical importance.