JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Terminal complement blockade with pexelizumab during coronary artery bypass graft surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass: a randomized trial.
Inflammation and ischemia-reperfusion injury during coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass are associated with postoperative myocardial infarction (MI) and mortality. ⋯ Compared with placebo, pexelizumab was not associated with a significant reduction in the risk of the composite end point of death or MI in 2746 patients who had undergone CABG surgery only but was associated with a statistically significant risk reduction 30 days after the procedure among all 3099 patients undergoing CABG with or without valve surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy with sodium bicarbonate: a randomized controlled trial.
Contrast-induced nephropathy remains a common complication of radiographic procedures. Pretreatment with sodium bicarbonate is more protective than sodium chloride in animal models of acute ischemic renal failure. Acute renal failure from both ischemia and contrast are postulated to occur from free-radical injury. However, no studies in humans or animals have evaluated the efficacy of sodium bicarbonate for prophylaxis against contrast-induced nephropathy. ⋯ Hydration with sodium bicarbonate before contrast exposure is more effective than hydration with sodium chloride for prophylaxis of contrast-induced renal failure.