JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association
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To devise a brief screening instrument to detect partner violence and to partially validate this screen against established instruments. ⋯ Three brief directed questions can detect a large number of women who have a history of partner violence.
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Comparative Study
End-stage renal disease in African-American and white men. 16-year MRFIT findings.
To determine reasons for the 4-fold higher incidence of treated end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in African-American men compared with white men. ⋯ Both higher blood pressure and lower income are associated with a higher incidence of ESRD in both white and African-American men. Disparities in blood pressure and socioeconomic status relate importantly to the excess risk of ESRD in African-American men compared with white men.
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The overturning and withdrawal of several of the Office of Research Integrity's (ORI's) findings of scientific misconduct have called its role into question. The contested findings of scientific misconduct that have been tried before the hearing body have been based on lengthy and expensive ORI investigations. ⋯ The hearing process has been criticized by discouraged whistleblowers who believe that their allegations of scientific misconduct should have been upheld, and by the accused for the expensive and protracted nature of the proceedings. The following article examines problems in the scientific misconduct hearing process and suggests that the process could be improved by letting administrative law judges, patent attorneys, and a scientific majority decide these cases.
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To estimate ethnic-specific prevalence rates of factor V Leiden, an inherited defect of hemostasis associated with risk of venous thrombosis. ⋯ These data indicate that prevalence of factor V Leiden is greater among Caucasians than minority Americans. These data have implications for clinicians considering whether to screen for factor V Leiden in high-risk groups such as those with prior venous thromboses or coexistent defects of anticoagulation and women at risk for postpartum thrombosis or seeking oral contraceptives.