British journal of clinical pharmacology
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Br J Clin Pharmacol · Jan 2012
Intradermal capsaicin as a neuropathic pain model in patients with unilateral sciatica.
This study compared the responses between patients with unilateral sciatica and pain-free volunteers following administration of intradermal capsaicin. METHODS Fourteen patients with unilateral sciatica and 12 pain-free volunteers received one injection per hour over 4 h of 1 µg and 10 µg capsaicin, into each calf. For each dose, spontaneous pain (10 cm VAS), area of flare (cm²) and the sum of allodynia and hyperalgesia radii across eight axes (cm) were recorded pre-injection and at 5, 15, 30, 45 and 60 min post injection. ⋯ The responses to intradermal capsaicin are quantitatively and qualitatively different in unilateral sciatica patients compared with pain-free controls.
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Br J Clin Pharmacol · Jan 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialPharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics following maintenance doses of prasugrel and clopidogrel in Chinese carriers of CYP2C19 variants.
This open-label, two-period, randomized, crossover study was designed to determine the effect of CYP2C19 reduced function variants on exposure to active metabolites of, and platelet response to, prasugrel and clopidogrel. ⋯ Prasugrel demonstrated higher active metabolite exposure and more consistent pharmacodynamic response across all three predicted phenotype groups compared with clopidogrel, confirming observations from previous research that CYP2C19 phenotype plays an important role in variability of response to clopidogrel, but has no impact on response to prasugrel.
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Br J Clin Pharmacol · Dec 2011
Risk of meningioma among users of high doses of cyproterone acetate as compared with the general population: evidence from a population-based cohort study.
Information from the spontaneous reporting system raised the hypothesis of an increased risk of meningioma in patients treated with high doses of cyproterone acetate (CPA). The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis of an increased risk of meningioma among users of high dose CPA as compared with non-users in a medical records computerized database. ⋯ The results of this study support the hypothesis that the exposure to high dose CPA increases the risk of meningioma.
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Br J Clin Pharmacol · Nov 2011
Population pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone in critically ill septic patients: a reappraisal.
To investigate the population pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone in critically ill patients suffering from sepsis, severe sepsis or septic shock. ⋯ Despite the wide interpatient variability of ceftriaxone pharmacokinetic parameters, our results revealed that increasing the ceftriaxone dosage when treating critically ill patients is unnecessary. The risk of ceftriaxone concentrations dropping below the minimum inhibitory concentration threshold is limited to patients with high glomerular filtration rates or infections with high minimum inhibitory concentration pathogens (>1 mg l(-1)).