British journal of clinical pharmacology
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Br J Clin Pharmacol · Feb 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialEfficacy and safety of three ophthalmic inserts for topical anaesthesia of the cornea. An exploratory comparative dose-ranging, double-blind, randomized trial in healthy volunteers.
Cataract surgery requires prolonged anaesthesia, concomitant with permanent hydration and lubrication of the cornea, in order to provide a clear view of the operation area. ⋯ Bupivacaine 1 mg seems to be the efficient and safe dose. The value of hyaluronic acid as a corneal hydration agent and used in association with bupivacaine will be the subject of further studies.
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Br J Clin Pharmacol · Feb 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialEquivalent lung deposition of budesonide in vivo: a comparison of dry powder inhalers using a pharmacokinetic method.
The aim of this study was to compare lung deposition of budesonide administered from two dry powder inhalers, Giona Easyhaler 200 microg/dose and Pulmicort Turbuhaler 200 microg/dose by utilizing a pharmacokinetic method. ⋯ The results show that the lung deposition of budesonide from Giona Easyhaler 200 microg/dose and Pulmicort Turbuhaler 200 microg/dose dry powder inhalers is equivalent. The charcoal block used to prevent GI absorption of swallowed budesonide was found to be effective.
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Br J Clin Pharmacol · Dec 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialMedication reviews in the community: results of a randomized, controlled effectiveness trial.
To examine the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary service model delivering medication review to patients at risk of medication misadventure in the community. ⋯ Most studies emphasize efficacy and the best achievable clinical outcomes rather than whether an intervention will be effective in practice. The current trial showed that three of the four domains in the clinical value compass showed trends of improvement or were indeed improved in the relatively short follow-up period of the trial, suggesting that a service based on this model could achieve similar benefits in practice. A domiciliary medication review programme similar to this model has now been implemented into national Australian practice, where GPs and pharmacists are reimbursed by the Australian government for the provision of these services.
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Br J Clin Pharmacol · Nov 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialConcurrent administration of donepezil HCl and levodopa/carbidopa in patients with Parkinson's disease: assessment of pharmacokinetic changes and safety following multiple oral doses.
The use of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for the treatment of comorbid Alzheimer's disease in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients stabilized on a levodopa regimen may potentially disrupt cholinergic balance. This randomized, double-blind, crossover study investigated the safety of, and possible drug-drug interaction between, donepezil HCl and levodopa/carbidopa. ⋯ No clinically significant drug-drug interactions between donepezil HCl and levodopa/carbidopa were observed at steady state. The small changes in the pharmacokinetics of levodopa did not result in any change in motor symptoms. Co-administration of the two drugs led to a small increase in adverse events compared with administration of levodopa/carbidopa alone in PD patients. These adverse events, however, were consistent with donepezil's cholinomimetic effect, and their incidence was comparable to that observed following the administration of donepezil HCl alone.
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Br J Clin Pharmacol · Nov 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial of melatonin add-on therapy in epileptic children on valproate monotherapy: effect on glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase enzymes.
To compare the effect of add-on melatonin with placebo on the antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase) in epileptic children on valproate monotherapy. ⋯ Melatonin exerts neuroprotection due to its antioxidant, antiexcitotoxic and free radical scavenging properties within the central nervous system. Melatonin, thus, as an adjunct, can be a putative neuroprotector in conditions involving oxidative stress like epilepsies.