Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
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Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. · May 2010
ReviewDo colloids in comparison to crystalloids for fluid resuscitation improve mortality?
Permanent neurological impairment or death arising from hospital-acquired hyponatremia in both children and adults is well documented. The choice of intravenous fluids for fluid resuscitation in critically ill patients is a top priority in evidence-based medicine. ⋯ Well powered, randomized clinical trials addressing the comparative efficacy of different types of intravenous fluids is a high priority as is the ethical justification for such trials. The understanding of the pathophysiological process serves important information on clinical practice.
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Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. · Dec 2009
ReviewA new global malaria eradication strategy: implications for malaria research from an Indian perspective.
The Roll Back Malaria Partnership has developed the Global Malaria Action Plan for a substantial reduction in the burden of malaria and its eradication in the long term. The challenges faced by countries in their malaria control efforts are varied. ⋯ We need new drugs, insecticides and other intervention tools with sufficient coverage to achieve the goal of malaria control or elimination. The issues important for malaria eradication are discussed from an Indian perspective.
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Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. · Oct 2009
ReviewThe surgical management of lesions of ulcerans infections due to Mycobacterium ulcerans, revisited.
The recommended approach to the management of ulcerans disease lesions is a combined surgical/multidrug medical approach. Small lesions may resolve spontaneously, and for other early lesions cure may be effected either by medication or simple excision alone. ⋯ It is of particular value to doctors working in more isolated areas. This approach was recommended by several authors in the 1960s, but seems to have been forgotten.
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Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. · Feb 2009
ReviewImpact of climate change and other factors on emerging arbovirus diseases.
While some skeptics remain unconvinced that global climate change is a reality, there is no doubt that during the past 50 years or so, patterns of emerging arbovirus diseases have changed significantly. Can this be attributed to climate change? Climate is a major factor in determining: (1) the geographic and temporal distribution of arthropods; (2) characteristics of arthropod life cycles; (3) dispersal patterns of associated arboviruses; (4) the evolution of arboviruses; and (5) the efficiency with which they are transmitted from arthropods to vertebrate hosts. ⋯ For example, we cannot ignore the unexpected but successful establishment of chikungunya fever in northern Italy, the sudden appearance of West Nile virus in North America, the increasing frequency of Rift Valley fever epidemics in the Arabian Peninsula, and very recently, the emergence of Bluetongue virus in northern Europe. In this brief review we ask the question, are these diseases emerging because of climate change or do other factors play an equal or even more important role in their emergence?
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Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. · Mar 2008
ReviewAdvances and remaining uncertainties in the epidemiology of Burkholderia pseudomallei and melioidosis.
Major advances have been made in molecular studies of Burkholderia pseudomallei and the immunology of melioidosis. However, there remain large gaps in understanding of the epidemiology of this enigmatic disease. ⋯ Despite the potential for rapidly progressive septicaemia, the critical virulence factors in B. pseudomallei remain to be clarified. Inhalation following aerosolization of B. pseudomallei may account for the high mortality when melioidosis occurs after severe weather events.