Journal of neurosurgery
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Journal of neurosurgery · Aug 1998
Case ReportsCranioplasty performed with a new osteoconductive osteoinducing hydroxyapatite-derived material.
Cranioplasty is required to protect underlying brain, correct major aesthetic deformities, or both. The ideal material for this purpose is autogenous bone. When this is not available, alloplastic or artificial materials may be used. These materials should be malleable, strong, lightweight, inert, noncarcinogenic, nonferromagnetic, and, if possible, inexpensive. The authors reviewed their surgical experience with a new bone substitute and discuss outcomes in patients in whom it was used. ⋯ In the near future, this technique may be refined to achieve good or excellent results either without the use of supporting material or with the use of individual, computer-designed 3-D prostheses.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Aug 1998
Comparative StudyRelationships among cerebral perfusion pressure, autoregulation, and transcranial Doppler waveform: a modeling study.
The aim of this study was to analyze how the main values extrapolated from the transcranial Doppler (TCD) waveform (systolic, mean, and diastolic velocity; velocity peak-to-peak amplitude; and pulsatility index [PI]) are affected by changes in intracranial pressure (ICP), systemic arterial pressure (SAP), autoregulation, and intracranial compliance. ⋯ The information contained in the TCD waveform is affected by many factors, including ICP, SAP, autoregulation. and intracranial compliance. Model results indicate that only a comparative analysis of the concomitant changes in ultrasonographic quantities during multimodality monitoring may permit the assessment of several aspects of intracranial dynamics (cerebral blood flow changes, vascular pulsatility, ICP changes, intracranial compliance, CPP, and autoregulation).
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Journal of neurosurgery · Aug 1998
Comparative StudyPosttraumatic hypothermia in the treatment of axonal damage in an animal model of traumatic axonal injury.
Many investigators have demonstrated the protective effects of hypothermia following traumatic brain injury (TBI) in both animals and humans. Typically, this protection has been evaluated in relation to the preservation of neurons and/or the blunting of behavioral abnormalities. However, little consideration has been given to any potential protection afforded in regard to TBI-induced axonal injury, a feature of human TBI. In this study, the authors evaluated the protective effects of hypothermia on axonal injury after TBI in rats. ⋯ The authors infer from these findings that early as well as delayed posttraumatic hypothermia results in substantial protection in TBI, at least in terms of the injured axons.