Journal of neurosurgery
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Journal of neurosurgery · Nov 2001
ReviewLow-grade hemispheric gliomas in adults: a critical review of extent of resection as a factor influencing outcome.
The goal of this study was to perform a critical review of literature pertinent to low-grade gliomas of the cerebral hemisphere in adults and, on the basis of this review, to evaluate systematically the prognostic effect of extent of resection on survival and to determine if treatment-related guidelines could be established for patients in whom these tumors have been newly diagnosed. Quality of evidence for current treatment options, guidelines, and standards as well as methodological limitations were evaluated. ⋯ Management of low-grade gliomas is controversial and practice parameters are ill defined. This is caused by limited knowledge regarding the natural history of these tumors and the lack of high-quality evidence supporting various treatment options. Although a prospective randomized study seems unlikely, both retrospective matched studies and prospective observational trials will improve the clinician's ability to understand the importance of various prognostic factors.
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The goal of this study was to examine the relationship between cerebral autoregulation, intracranial pressure (ICP), arterial blood pressure (ABP), and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) after head injury by using transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography. ⋯ Autoregulation not only is impaired when associated with a high ICP or low ABP, but it can also be disturbed by too high a CPP. The Mx can be used to guide intensive care therapy when CPP-oriented protocols are used.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Nov 2001
Intercenter variance in clinical trials of head trauma--experience of the National Acute Brain Injury Study: Hypothermia.
In a recently conducted trial of hypothermia in patients with severe brain injury, differences were found in the effects of hypothermia treatment among various centers. This analysis explores the reasons for such differences. ⋯ For Phase III clinical trials we recommend: 1) a detailed protocol specifying fluid and MABP, ICP, and CPP management: 2) continuous monitoring of protocol compliance; 3) a run-in period for new centers to test accrual and protocol adherence; and 4) inclusion of only centers in which patients are regularly randomized.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Nov 2001
Mild head injury increasing the brain's vulnerability to a second concussive impact.
Mild, traumatic repetitive head injury (RHI) leads to neurobehavioral impairment and is associated with the early onset of neurodegenerative disease. The authors developed an animal model to investigate the behavioral and pathological changes associated with RHI. ⋯ On the basis of their results, the authors suggest that the brain has an increased vulnerability to a second traumatic insult for at least 24 hours following an initial episode of mild brain trauma.