Journal of neurosurgery
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Journal of neurosurgery · Jan 2021
Stimulated Raman histology for rapid and accurate intraoperative diagnosis of CNS tumors: prospective blinded study.
In some centers where brain tumor surgery is performed, the opportunity for expert intraoperative neuropathology consultation is lacking. Consequently, surgeons may not have access to the highest quality diagnostic histological data to inform surgical decision-making. Stimulated Raman histology (SRH) is a novel technology that allows for rapid acquisition of diagnostic histological images at the bedside. ⋯ SRH-simulated intraoperative pathology consultation was significantly faster and equally accurate as frozen section.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Jan 2021
Comparison between optical coherence tomography imaging and histological sections of peripheral nerves.
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an imaging technique that uses the light-backscattering properties of different tissue types to generate an image. In an earlier feasibility study the authors showed that it can be applied to visualize human peripheral nerves. As a follow-up, this paper focuses on the interpretation of the images obtained. ⋯ OCT is the first in vivo imaging technique that is able to resolve a nerve's structures down to the level of myelinated axons. It can yield information about focal and segmental pathologies.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Jan 2021
Disruption of P2X4 purinoceptor and suppression of the inflammation associated with cerebral aneurysm formation.
There are no effective therapeutic drugs for cerebral aneurysms, partly because the pathogenesis remains unresolved. Chronic inflammation of the cerebral arterial wall plays an important role in aneurysm formation, but it is not clear what triggers the inflammation. The authors have observed that vascular endothelial P2X4 purinoceptor is involved in flow-sensitive mechanisms that regulate vascular remodeling. They have thus hypothesized that shear stress-associated hemodynamic stress on the endothelium causes the inflammatory process in the cerebral aneurysm development. ⋯ These data suggest that P2X4 is required for the inflammation that contributes to both cerebral aneurysm formation and growth. Enhanced shear stress-associated hemodynamic stress on the vascular endothelium may trigger cerebral aneurysm development. Paroxetine may have potential for the clinical treatment of cerebral aneurysms, given that this agent exhibits efficacy as a clinical antidepressant.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Jan 2021
Unilateral pallidotomy in the treatment of cervical dystonia: a retrospective observational study.
The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of unilateral pallidotomy in patients with asymmetrical cervical dystonia. ⋯ These results suggest that unilateral pallidotomy is an acceptable treatment option for asymmetrical cervical dystonia. Further investigations with a larger number of cases and longer follow-up period are required to confirm these data.