Journal of neurosurgery
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Journal of neurosurgery · Mar 2021
Expression of additional transcription factors is of prognostic value for aggressive behavior of pituitary adenomas.
According to the latest WHO classification of tumors of endocrine organs in 2017, plurihormonal adenomas are subclassified by their transcription factor (TF) expression. In the group of plurihormonal adenomas with unusual immunohistochemical combinations (PAWUC), the authors identified a large fraction of adenomas expressing TFs for gonadotroph adenoma (TFGA) cells in addition to other TFs. The aim of this study was to compare clinicopathological parameters of PAWUC with TFGA expression to gonadotroph adenomas that only express TFGA. ⋯ These data suggest a more aggressive behavior of TFGA-positive adenomas if an additional TF is expressed within the tumor cells. Shorter radiographic surveillance and earlier consideration for retreatment should be recommended in these adenoma types.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Mar 2021
Defining the optimal target for anterior thalamic deep brain stimulation in patients with drug-refractory epilepsy.
The anterior thalamic nucleus (ATN) is a common target for deep brain stimulation (DBS) for the treatment of drug-refractory epilepsy. However, no atlas-based optimal DBS (active contacts) target within the ATN has been definitively identified. The object of this retrospective study was to analyze the relationship between the active contact location and seizure reduction to establish an atlas-based optimal target for ATN DBS. ⋯ Patients with stimulation targeting the AC may have a favorable seizure reduction. Moreover, the authors were able to obtain additional good outcomes after electrode repositioning in the initially nonresponsive patients. Purposeful and strategic trajectory planning to target this optimal region may predict favorable outcomes of ATN DBS.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Mar 2021
Age dependency and modification of the Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Early Brain Edema Score.
The Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Early Brain Edema Score (SEBES) system measures cerebral edema on CT and can be used to predict outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The authors developed a modified SEBES (SEBES 6c) and assessed whether it could predict outcome after SAH better than the SEBES. Furthermore, they verified the age dependency of these scores. ⋯ SEBES 6c is more suitable for predicting outcome after SAH than SEBES. Furthermore, it predicts outcome and DI independently of vasospasm, so it can be used to differentiate between early brain injury- and vasospasm-dependent infarctions and outcome. However, SEBES and SEBES 6c are both age dependent and can be used for patients aged < 60 years and may have limited suitability for patients aged 60-69 years and no suitability for patients aged ≥ 70 years.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Mar 2021
Construction of a comprehensive endovascular test bed for research and device development in mechanical thrombectomy in stroke.
The development of new endovascular technologies and techniques for mechanical thrombectomy in stroke has greatly relied on benchtop simulators. This paper presents an affordable, versatile, and realistic benchtop simulation model for stroke. ⋯ The test bed presented in this study is a low-cost, comprehensive, realistic, and versatile platform that enabled high-quality analysis of embolus-device interaction in multiple cerebrovascular phantoms and embolus analogs.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Mar 2021
Plasticity in language cortex and white matter tracts after resection of dominant inferior parietal lobule arteriovenous malformations: a combined fMRI and DTI study.
The dominant inferior parietal lobe (IPL) contains cortical and subcortical structures that serve language processing. A high incidence of postoperative short-term aphasia and good potential for language reorganization have been observed. The authors' goal was to study the plasticity of the language cortex and language-related fibers in patients with brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVMs) located in the IPL. ⋯ The authors' findings provide evidence for the functional reorganization by recruiting the right hemispheric homologous region of Broca's and Wernicke's areas, right hemispheric AFs, and left hemispheric IFOFs following resection of IPL BAVMs.Clinical trial registration no.: NCT02868008 (clinicaltrials.gov).