Journal of neurosurgery
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Journal of neurosurgery · Mar 2001
Exacerbation of traumatically induced axonal injury by rapid posthypothermic rewarming and attenuation of axonal change by cyclosporin A.
Although considerable attention has been focused on the use of posttraumatic hypothermia, little consideration has been given to the issue of posthypothermic rewarming and its potentially damaging consequences. In this communication, the authors examine the issue of rapid posthypothermic rewarming compared with gradual rewarming while exploring the potential utility of cyclosporin A (CsA) administration for attenuating any rapid rewarming-induced axonal change. ⋯ The results of this study show that rapid rewarming exacerbates traumatically induced axonal injury, which can be significantly attenuated by administering CsA.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Mar 2001
Enhancement of antitumor immune response in glioma models in mice by genetically modified dendritic cells pulsed with Semliki forest virus-mediated complementary DNA.
The aim of this study was to further investigate dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy for malignant glioma to improve its therapeutic efficacy. ⋯ Therapy with DCs that have been pulsed with SFV-mediated tumor cDNA may be an excellent procedure for the development of new cancer vaccines.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Mar 2001
Diminution of metabolism/blood flow uncoupling following traumatic brain injury in rats in response to high-dose human albumin treatment.
The authors have recently demonstrated that high-dose human albumin is markedly neuroprotective in experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI) and cerebral ischemia. The pathophysiology of TBI involves acute uncoupling of cerebral glucose utilization and blood flow. The intent of this study was to establish whether the use of human albumin therapy in a model of acute TBI would influence this phenomenon. ⋯ These results demonstrate that human albumin therapy benefits the posttraumatic brain by diminishing the pronounced metabolism > blood flow dissociation that would otherwise occur within the 1st hour after injury. Viewed together with our previous evidence of histological neuroprotection, these findings indicate that human albumin therapy may represent a desirable treatment modality for acute TBI.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Feb 2001
High-field magnetic resonance imaging in patients with moyamoya disease.
The purpose of this study was to assess the utility of high-field magnetic resonance (MR) imaging as a quantitative tool for estimating cerebral circulation in patients with moyamoya disease. ⋯ The increases in medullary streak diameters observed in patients with moyamoya disease appear to represent vessels dilated due to cerebral hypoperfusion. High-field T2-reversed MR imaging is useful in estimating cerebral circulation in patients with moyamoya disease.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Feb 2001
Transcerebellomedullary fissure approach with special reference to methods of dissecting the fissure.
The purpose of the present study was to refine the transcerebellomedullary fissure approach to the fourth ventricle and to clarify the optimal method of dissecting the fissure to obtain an appropriate operative view without splitting the inferior vermis. ⋯ When the fissure is appropriately and completely opened, the approach provides a sufficient operative view without splitting the vermis. Two key principles of this opening method are sufficient dissection of the spaces around the tonsil(s) and an incision of the appropriate portions of the ventricle roof. The taenia(e) with or without the posterior margin of the lateral recess(es) should be incised.