Journal of neurosurgery
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Journal of neurosurgery · Mar 1997
The relationship of subarachnoid hemorrhage and the need for postoperative shunting.
The incidence of chronic hydrocephalus requiring shunting after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is not precisely known. The authors investigated whether the need for ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunting can be predicted by initial Hunt and Hess grade or Fisher computerized tomography score. One hundred eight patients who presented with SAH and underwent 116 surgical procedures for aneurysm clipping were evaluated retrospectively to determine the incidence of chronic hydrocephalus. ⋯ There was a high clinical correlation between chronic hydrocephalus and admission Hunt and Hess grades and Fisher grades (p < 0.05). All of the patients who survived a second bleeding episode and almost 46% of the patients who presented with intraventricular hemorrhage required placement of a VP shunt. The authors present predictive tables of chronic hydrocephalus based on the patient's admission Hunt and Hess grade and Fisher classification.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Feb 1997
Cerebral hyperglycolysis following severe traumatic brain injury in humans: a positron emission tomography study.
Experimental traumatic brain injury studies have shown that cerebral hyperglycolysis is a pathophysiological response to injury-induced ionic and neurochemical cascades. This finding has important implications regarding cellular viability, vulnerability to secondary insults, and the functional capability of affected regions. Prior to this study, posttraumatic hyperglycolysis had not been detected in humans. ⋯ The results of this study indicate that the metabolic state of the traumatically injured brain should be defined differentially in terms of glucose and oxygen metabolism. The use of FDG-PET demonstrates that hyperglycolysis occurs both regionally and globally following severe head injury in humans. The results of this clinical study directly complement those previously reported in experimental brain-injury studies, indicating the capability of imaging a fundamental component of cellular pathophysiology characteristic of head injury.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Feb 1997
Endovascular treatment of acutely ruptured and unruptured aneurysms of the basilar bifurcation.
The surgical treatment of basilar bifurcation aneurysms is difficult and the need for an alternative approach is frequently stated. To assess the efficacy and safety of endovascular treatment of aneurysms located at the basilar bifurcation, the authors prospectively studied angiographic results, clinical results, and complications in 31 patients treated with Guglielmi detachable coils (GDCs). Patients treated acutely after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) were graded according to the Hunt and Hess classification and clinical outcome was determined at 1- and 6-month intervals according to the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). ⋯ Endovascular treatment of basilar bifurcation aneurysms prevented rebleeding and could be performed without clinically significant complications in 94% of patients. Clinical results after SAH compared favorably with surgical series. Morphological results appear less satisfactory, and long-term angiographic follow-up review is mandatory to detect recurrences.