Journal of neurosurgery
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Journal of neurosurgery · Jun 2024
Subventricular zone-associated classification in isocitrate dehydrogenase-wildtype glioblastomas: improved prognostic value through integration of FLAIR with contrast-enhanced imaging.
Controversy surrounds the prognostic value of contrast-enhanced T1-weighted (T1CE) imaging-based subventricular zone (SVZ) classification in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wildtype glioblastomas (GBMs). In this study, the authors aimed to assess the potential of incorporating FLAIR imaging into T1CE imaging-based classification for improving prognostic accuracy. ⋯ This study underscores the limitations of T1CE imaging-based SVZ-associated classification in predicting prognosis for IDH-wildtype GBMs. The authors therefore propose an integrated approach that involves T2-weighted/FLAIR imaging that can provide improved prognostic ability. Notably, the presence of TERT promoter mutation was identified as a critical factor in nonenhancing tumor infiltration into the SVZ. Further validation through extensive cohort studies is recommended to confirm these findings.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Jun 2024
Hearing preservation outcomes using direct cranial nerve eight and auditory brainstem response neuromonitoring in the resection of vestibular schwannomas.
Advancements in microsurgical technique and technology continue to improve outcomes in patients with skull base tumor. The primary cranial nerve eight monitoring systems used in hearing preservation surgery for vestibular schwannomas (VSs) are direct cranial nerve eight monitoring (DCNEM) and auditory brainstem response (ABR), although current guidelines are unable to definitively recommend one over the other due to limited literature on the topic. Thus, further research is needed to determine the utility of DCNEM and ABR. The authors performed a retrospective cohort study and created an interactive model that compares hearing preservation outcomes based on tumor size in patients receiving ABR+DCNEM and ABR-only monitoring. ⋯ The result of this interactive model study proposes that there may be a higher chance of hearing preservation when using ABR+DCNEM rather than ABR alone for smaller tumors, with that relationship reversing as tumor size increases.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Jun 2024
Surgical infarct volume reduction and functional outcomes in patients with ischemic cerebellar stroke: results from a multicentric retrospective study.
Recent work on ischemic cerebellar stroke has suggested that the resection of infarcted tissue may lead to improved functional outcomes compared with decompressive surgery alone. Nonetheless, no studies have assessed the extent to which necrotic tissue should be resected or if there are any volumetric thresholds capable of predicting functional outcomes in this patient population. In this study, the authors aimed to determine potential thresholds for volume reduction in ischemic cerebellar stroke in an effort to optimize the management of ischemic cerebellar stroke and, in so doing, improve functional outcomes. ⋯ The reduction of necrotic tissue volumes by at least 50% and/or the reduction of the infarct volume by ≤ 17 cm3 appear to be associated with favorable outcomes in patients with surgically managed ischemic cerebellar strokes.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Jun 2024
The natural course, treatment outcomes, and long-term prognosis of cervical spinal cord arteriovenous shunts.
The highly intricate nature of the cervical spinal cord can cause arteriovenous shunts in these segments that may be associated with heightened clinical risks and treatment complexities. In this article, the authors aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of the detailed natural course, treatment, and clinical outcomes of cervical spinal cord arteriovenous shunts (SCAVSs) based on the largest cohort to date. ⋯ The outcomes of patients with cervical SCAVS were generally favorable, even in patients with only partial obliteration of the lesions. However, patients who did not show a trend toward spontaneous recovery after onset had a significantly elevated risk of unfavorable prognosis, highlighting the need for prompt clinical intervention.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Jun 2024
A nomogram to predict long-term facial nerve function after vestibular schwannoma resection: a contemporary multi-institutional study.
The objective of this study was to develop a nomogram to predict long-term facial nerve (FN) function after vestibular schwannoma (VS) resection. ⋯ Better immediate postoperative HB grade, intraoperative FN EMG response ≥ 100 µV, and tumor size ≤ 25 mm strongly predicted good long-term FN function after VS resection. A point-of-care nomogram based on these variables could serve as a useful tool for postoperative counseling and prognosis of long-term FN recovery.