Bulletin of the World Health Organization
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Bull. World Health Organ. · Jan 1987
Survey of acute pesticide poisoning among agricultural workers in four Asian countries.
The study investigated the extent of acute pesticide poisoning in selected agricultural communities in Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka and Thailand, as well as the contributing factors, because it is believed that this type of poisoning is a major problem in developing countries, but not in the industrialized countries, despite their extensive use of pesticides. The study confirmed the existence of this problem, which was found to be due to inadequate knowledge of the safe practices in the use of pesticides among users and to the lack of suitable protective clothing for use by agricultural workers in hot and humid climates.
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Bull. World Health Organ. · Jan 1987
Investigation of a possible yellow fever epidemic and serosurvey for flavivirus infections in northern Cameroon, 1984.
A cluster of fatal hepatitis cases in northern Cameroon in 1984 stimulated a field investigation to rule out an epidemic of yellow fever. A serosurvey of villages in the extreme north of the country, in a Sudan savanna (SS) phytogeographical zone, disclosed no evidence of recent yellow fever infection. However, further south, in a Guinea savanna (GS) phytogeographical zone, serological evidence was found of endemic yellow fever virus transmission. The results indicate a potential for epidemic spread of yellow fever virus from the southern GS zone to the nothern SS zone of Cameroon, where immunity in the population was low.
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Bull. World Health Organ. · Jan 1986
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialCitrate can effectively replace bicarbonate in oral rehydration salts for cholera and infantile diarrhoea.
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Bull. World Health Organ. · Jan 1986
The use of quantitative methods in planning national cancer control programmes. A WHO meeting.
There is a strong need to allocate in a rational and cost-effective way the available resources for cancer control in countries. Continuation of current priorities in resource allocation can only lead to unnecessarily high incidence, morbidity and mortality from cancer. Two cancer control models for cost-effectiveness, which were developed by WHO to help Member States set priorities in national cancer control programmes, have been tested and found useful. This article discusses cost-effectiveness analysis and describes the two models and their application in countries.
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Bull. World Health Organ. · Jan 1986
Comparative StudyAn international study on the serological differential diagnosis of human cystic and alveolar echinococcosis.
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the serological differentiation of cystic (Echinococcus granulosus) and alveolar (E. multilocularis) echinococcosis in man has been evaluated. A discrimination rate of 95.1% was found for 82 sera from patients of geographically disparate endemic areas. This rate was essentially the same as that found for 57 Swiss patients, indicating that inter- and intraspecific strain differences do not influence the test results. The assay method is suitable for immunodiagnostic purposes as well as for seroepidemiological studies.