RöFo : Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Röntgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin
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To determine the added diagnostic benefit of using MS-CT in multiple trauma patients differentiated by severity of injury and affected body region. ⋯ Compared with conventional radiography and ultrasound in the emergency room, 16-row whole-body spiral CT yields numerous additional and new findings in different body regions in patients with multiple traumas. New findings primarily involved the head, and the additional findings involved the chest, pelvis, and spine. Most findings obtained with CT were potentially life threatening (ATLS class 2).
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become a valuable tool for diagnosing and monitoring multiple sclerosis (MS). The high sensitivity for the detection of hyperintense lesions in T 2-weighted scans contributes substantially to diagnosis. The initial lesion number or lesion volume stands for an increased probability of further accumulation of lesion burden, an earlier conversion to clinically definite MS and progression of disability in the next 5 - 15 years. This diagnostic and prognostic information gained from MRI early in the disease course lead in 2001 to a revision of the diagnostic criteria. ⋯ This review provides an updated proposal for the approach and management of cranial and spinal MR scans in patients with MS. We describe the influence of variables which cannot be standardized (scanner, field strength, manufacturer and software) and outline potential pitfalls of clinical MR imaging in MS resulting from a non-standardized approach. This updated proposal for slice positioning, sequences and documentation is a result of a consensus process targeting systematic and standardized use in clinical MR evaluations of MS.
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Comparative Study
Intraindividual comparison of image quality in MR urography at 1.5 and 3 tesla in an animal model.
Experimental evaluation of image quality of the upper urinary tract in MR urography (MRU) at 1.5 and 3 Tesla in a porcine model. ⋯ In an experimental setup, MR urography at 3 Tesla allowed for significantly higher image quality and SNR compared to 1.5 Tesla, particularly for the visualization of the pelvicaliceal system.
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Intracranial hypertension can change the morphology of anatomical structures that are critical in the evaluation of pseudotumor syndromes. The purpose of our study was to establish the normal range of such markers of intracranial hypertension and to consider a dependency on sex, age and body-mass index (BMI). ⋯ The presented typical values and their deviations serve as a basis for the evaluation of pathologies in patients suspected of having pseudotumor syndrome.
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Comparative Study
[Quantitation of glutamate in the brain by using MR proton spectroscopy at 1.5 T and 3 T].
The influence of different magnetic field strengths on the quantification of glutamate was experimentally investigated by means of IN VITRO and IN VIVO (1)H-MR spectroscopic measurements at 1.5 T and 3 T. ⋯ The results indicate that the advantageous distribution of signal maxima at 3 T allows an improved separation of the individual spectra. Both the higher initial magnetization at 3 T and the improved sensitivity of the phased array matrix coil used in the 3 T study result in an increased SNR, which leads to better reliability of the individual detection as well as a more accurate quantification of glutamate.