RöFo : Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Röntgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin
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Density measurements in dynamic CT image series of the lungs allow one to quantify ventilated, hyperinflated, and atelectatic pulmonary compartments with high temporal resolution. Fast automatic segmentation of lung parenchyma and a subsequent evaluation of it's respective density values are a prerequisite for any clinical application of this technique. ⋯ An automatic software tool is presented for lung segmentation in healthy lungs and in ARDS. Aerated lung and atelectasis were identified with high accuracy. This post-processing tool allows for a quantitative, CT based assessment of ventilation and recruitment processes in the lung. Thus, it may help to optimize ventilation patterns in patients with ARDS.
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A modified technique for transabdominal, translymphatic occlusion of the thoracic duct is described. During unilateral lymphangiography an abdominal lymph vessel was punctured with a fine needle under fluoroscopic guidance, and a 4 French access to the lymph system established. ⋯ Chylous drainage immediately decreased after the intervention, the intercostal drain could be removed after seven days. Long term follow up over a ten months period confirmed the clinical success; the patient is still free of pleural effusions.
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The presence of a radiologist within the admitting area of an emergency department and his capability as a member of the trauma team have a major impact on the role of diagnostic radiology in trauma care. The knowledge of clinical decision criteria, algorithms, and standards of patient care are essential for the acceptance within a trauma team. We present an interdisciplinary management concept of diagnostic radiology for trauma patients, which comprises basic diagnosis, organ diagnosis, radiological ABC, and algorithms of early clinical care. ⋯ Direct communication of radiological findings with the trauma team enables quick clinical decisions. In addition, the radiologist can priority-oriented influence the therapy by using interventional procedures. The clinical radiologist is an active member of the interdisciplinary trauma team, not only providing diagnostic imaging but also participating in clinical decisions.
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Evaluation of MR imaging and CSF flow measurement for planning and follow-up of neuroendoscopic third ventriculostomy in occlusive triventricular hydrocephalus. ⋯ MR imaging with additional cardiac-gated cine sequences allows exact preoperative diagnosis of occlusive hydrocephalus as well as patient selection and planning for endoscopic third ventriculostomy. Non-invasive follow-up, especially in patients with a doubtful clinical pattern, is possible.
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Comparative Study
[Real-time compound imaging: improved visibility of puncture needles and localization wires as compared to single-line ultrasonography].
To compare the visibility of biopsy needles and localization wires using real-time compound imaging (SonoCT) and single-line ultrasound (SLU). ⋯ At 0 degree and 12 degrees visibility is very good for all tested materials. For steeper angulations contrast was partly critical in SLU and significantly enhanced with compound imaging. Thus, SonoCT may be useful to increase precision of ultrasound-guided percutaneous interventions.