Pain
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Assessment of the effectiveness of peripheral administration of morphine with local articaine anaesthesia for surgery in inflamed oral and maxillofacial tissues.
The controversy surrounding clinical trials of peripherally applied morphine with local anaesthetic and the attendant ambiguous results led to a study of our own clinical material. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of peripheral administration of morphine with local articaine anaesthesia in inflamed oral and maxillofacial tissues. Sixty patients who qualified for the randomized, double-blinded study were randomly divided into two groups. ⋯ Moreover, during the next 12 h, there were significant differences observed in the level of pain between both groups. There was also considerable difference between both groups in the time of first analgesic intake and the total amount of analgesic. Our results show that modified local anaesthesia may be of benefit for the relief of operative and post-operative pain and may also help reduce analgesic intake after oral surgery.
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Previous work suggests possible relationships between offspring-reported parental history of chronic pain (CP) and offsprings' personal chronic pain experience. This study examined reliability of offsprings' reports of parental CP history based on direct comparison with confirmed parental reports. Participants included 108 male and female college students who completed a questionnaire assessing presence/absence and locations of any past or present CP lasting greater than 3 months. ⋯ Results indicated that these relationships were not mediated by social desirability, negative affect, or catastrophizing cognitions. In contrast to results for offspring-reported data, confirmed parental CP history reports failed to predict offsprings' personal CP history. These results raise questions as to the validity of previous findings of relationships between family pain history and individuals' own experience of CP.
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Comparative Study
Age effects on pain thresholds, temporal summation and spatial summation of heat and pressure pain.
Experimental data on age-related changes in pain perception have so far been contradictory. It has appeared that the type of pain induction method is critical in this context, with sensitivity to heat pain being decreased whereas sensitivity to pressure pain may be even enhanced in the elderly. Furthermore, it has been shown that temporal summation of heat pain is more pronounced in the elderly but it has remained unclear whether age differences in temporal summation are also evident when using other pain induction methods. ⋯ Apart from an enhanced temporal summation of heat pain, pain summation was not found to be critically affected by age. The results of the present study provide evidence for stimulus-specific changes in pain perception in the elderly, with deep tissue (muscle) nociception being affected differently by age than superficial tissue (skin) nociception. Summation mechanisms contribute only moderately to age changes in pain perception.
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Comparative Study
Tactile and pain thresholds in the intra- and extra-oral regions of symptom-free subjects.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the tactile detection threshold (TDT), the filament-prick pain detection threshold (FPT), the pressure pain threshold (PPT), and the pressure pain tolerance detection threshold (PTOL) at multiple measuring points in the orofacial region of normal subjects. Sixteen males and 16 females (age range from 20 to 41 years) participated. The TDT and the FPT were measured on the cheek skin overlying the central part of the masseter muscles (MM), on the maxillary gingiva, and at the tip of the tongue, using Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments. ⋯ In contrast, while the intra-oral threshold measurements revealed no gender differences, a significantly higher pain perception as evaluated using NRS, was seen in the males. A strong correlation was found between the pain responses at the same measuring site (FPT, PPT, and PTOL over the MM). In addition, the TDT and the pain responses were also correlated positively.