European urology
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Stent positioning after ureteroscopy for urinary calculi: the question is still open.
We conducted a study to assess the need for routine ureteral stenting after ureteroscopic stone removal using Lithoclast pneumatic intracorporeal lithotripsy. ⋯ In our experience, using Swiss Lithoclast ballistic energy to fragment stones, routine stent placement is advisable also after uncomplicated ureteroscopic lithotripsy without ureteral dilation. Further prospective randomized studies are needed to assess the role of stenting after ureteroscopic lithotripsy, considering different energies sources, scopes, diameter and site of the stones in the ureter.
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Chronic testicular pain (orchialgia, orchidynia or chronic scrotal pain) is common and well recognized but its pathophysiology is poorly understood. Currently treatment is largely empirical. This article aims to present an overview of its prevalence, possible aetiology and the available treatment options. ⋯ The importance of the sympathetic nervous system and the role of a possible alteration of the adrenergic receptors of the vas deferens in patients with chronic testicular pain are discussed. For patients failing to respond to conservative treatment, microsurgical denervation of the spermatic cord, epididymectomy and vasovasostomy have all shown a degree of relief. Unfortunately a small number of patients fail to respond to both conservative and more invasive treatment methods and for them the only available therapeutic option is inguinal orchiectomy.
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Review Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Darifenacin, an M3 selective receptor antagonist, is an effective and well-tolerated once-daily treatment for overactive bladder.
To evaluate the efficacy, tolerability and safety of darifenacin, a once-daily M3) selective receptor antagonist (M3 SRA), in patients with overactive bladder (OAB). ⋯ Darifenacin significantly improves the major symptoms of OAB. No significant CNS (primarily M1-receptor mediated) adverse events or cardiac (primarily M2-receptor mediated) adverse events were identified in this study, as may be predicted from the M3 selective receptor profile of darifenacin.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Prospective randomized trial comparing flutamide as adjuvant treatment versus observation after radical prostatectomy for locally advanced, lymph node-negative prostate cancer.
To assess the efficacy and the tolerability of flutamide as adjuvant treatment after radical prostatectomy for locally advanced, lymph node-negative prostate cancer. ⋯ Although having some effect on disease recurrence, adjuvant flutamide treatment does not improve median-term overall survival after radical prostatectomy for locally advanced, lymph node-negative prostate cancer.
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Case Reports
Neuroselective current perception threshold evaluation of bladder mucosal sensory function.
To evaluate human bladder mucosal sensory function by neuroselective Current Perception Threshold (CPT) measures from healthy and neuropathic bladders. ⋯ Quantitative neuroselective measurement of CPT values in the human bladder mucosal function was feasible. Hypersensitivity or hyposensitivity of the urinary sensory function could be determined using the CPT values in comparison to control. The quantitative neuroselective estimation of the bladder sensory functions in different types of sensory peripheral nerve fibers may contribute to the appropriate selection of therapeutic strategy in patients with urinary sensory dysfunction.