European urology
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Review Meta Analysis
The Impact of Adding Taxanes to Gemcitabine and Platinum Chemotherapy for the First-Line Therapy of Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Gemcitabine/platinum chemotherapy is the most widely used first-line regimen for metastatic urothelial carcinoma, and the potential improvement of adding taxanes needs to be clarified. ⋯ In this report, a trend for improved overall survival and worse neurotoxicity was observed for adding a taxane to first-line gemcitabine/platinum chemotherapy for metastatic urothelial carcinoma. More effective taxanes should be investigated further in urothelial carcinoma in combination with gemcitabine/platinum.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Intermittent Versus Continuous Androgen Deprivation Therapy in Patients with Relapsing or Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer: A Phase 3b Randomised Study (ICELAND).
Intermittent androgen deprivation (IAD) has received increasing attention; however, the current literature is still limited, especially in nonmetastatic prostate cancer (PCa), and the relative efficacy and safety benefits of IAD versus continuous androgen deprivation (CAD) remain unclear. ⋯ This randomised trial showed that both intermittent and continuous hormone therapy had similar efficacy, tolerability, and quality-of-life profiles in patients with relapsing M0 or locally advanced prostate cancer. Intermittent therapy may be a valid option for selected patients.
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Renal cancer is a common urologic malignancy, and therapeutic options for metastatic disease are limited. Most clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC) are associated with loss of von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor (pVHL) function and deregulation of hypoxia pathways. ⋯ High levels of hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIF) are particularly important in the clear cell type of kidney cancer, in which they are no longer properly regulated by the von Hippel-Lindau protein. The two HIF-α proteins have opposing effects on tumor evolution.
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Acute increase of serum creatinine (SCr) after partial nephrectomy (PN) is primarily due to parenchymal mass reduction or ischemia; however, only ischemia can impact subsequent functional recovery. ⋯ Acute decline in function after partial nephrectomy associates with more prolonged ischemia time, and appears to impact subsequent functional recovery. However, most kidneys eventually recover strongly, even if their function is sluggish in the first few days after surgery.