Drug and alcohol dependence
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Drug Alcohol Depend · Nov 2012
Estimated magnitude of diversion and abuse of opioids relative to benzodiazepines in France.
Prescription drug abuse is a major concern in several countries. France appears to be particularly prone to the abuse of opiate maintenance treatment (OMT) opioids and benzodiazepines (BZD), whereas the abuse of opioid analgesics (OA) is less commonly reported. To estimate the extent of psychoactive drug abuse, the French drug agency relies on different methods measuring various diversion indicators used as proxies for the detection of abuse/misuse: suspicion of abuse/dependence, illegal acquisition by patients seen in specialized care centers, prescription forgery and doctor shopping. The main objectives of the present study are to analyse the abuse and diversion of opioids (both OA and OMT), in comparison with those of BZDs, through the concurrent use of three different data sources. ⋯ This study presents an original approach, based on the use of multiple data sources, to evaluate and compare the estimated abuse and diversion of opioids and benzodiazepines. It provides health authorities with a global, comparative and summarized overall view of the importance of different patterns of diversion and abuse for different prescription drugs.
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Drug Alcohol Depend · Nov 2012
The combined effects of parental divorce and parental history of depression on cannabis use in young adults in France.
The joint effects of multiple social risk factors on substance use, such as parental divorce and parental history of depression, have rarely been studied in young adult offspring. ⋯ Our findings highlight the critical importance of considering familial context in understanding cannabis use in young adults.