The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
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J. Antimicrob. Chemother. · Feb 2015
Are interstitial fluid concentrations of meropenem equivalent to plasma concentrations in critically ill patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy?
To describe the interstitial fluid (ISF) and plasma pharmacokinetics of meropenem in patients on continuous venovenous haemodiafiltration (CVVHDF). ⋯ This is the first known report of concurrent plasma and ISF concentrations of a meropenem antibiotic during CVVHDF. We observed that the ISF concentrations of meropenem were significantly lower than the plasma concentrations, although the present dose was appropriate for infections caused by intermediately susceptible pathogens (MIC≤4 mg/L).
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J. Antimicrob. Chemother. · Jan 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialRandomized non-inferiority trial to compare trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole plus rifampicin versus linezolid for the treatment of MRSA infection.
The therapeutic arsenal for MRSA infections is limited. The aim of this study was to assess the non-inferiority of a combination of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole plus rifampicin versus linezolid alone for the treatment of MRSA infection. ⋯ Compared with linezolid, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and rifampicin seems to be non-inferior in the treatment of MRSA infection.
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J. Antimicrob. Chemother. · Jan 2015
Measuring antimicrobial prescribing quality in Australian hospitals: development and evaluation of a national antimicrobial prescribing survey tool.
Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programmes have been developed with the intention of reducing inappropriate and unnecessary use of antimicrobials, while improving the quality of patient care and locally helping prevent the development of antimicrobial resistance. An important aspect of AMS programmes is the qualitative assessment of prescribing through antimicrobial prescribing surveys (APS), which are able to provide information about the prescribing behaviour within institutions. Owing to lack of standardization of audit tools and the resources required, qualitative methods for the assessment of antimicrobial use are not often performed. The aim of this study was to design an audit tool that was appropriate for use in all Australian hospitals, suited to local user requirements and included an assessment of the overall appropriateness of the prescription. ⋯ By involving the end users in the design and evaluation, we have been able to provide a practical and relevant APS tool for quantitative and qualitative data collection in a wide range of Australian hospital settings.
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J. Antimicrob. Chemother. · Jan 2015
Azole, polyene and echinocandin MIC distributions for wild-type, TR34/L98H and TR46/Y121F/T289A Aspergillus fumigatus isolates in the Netherlands.
To determine the MIC distributions of itraconazole, voriconazole and posaconazole and non-azole drugs for wild-type cyp51A, as well as TR(34)/L98H and TR(46)/Y121F/T289A cyp51A mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus. ⋯ The TR(34)/L98H and TR(46)/Y121F/T289A cyp51A genotypes of A. fumigatus show distinct resistance phenotypes. The mechanisms behind low-level itraconazole resistance in TR(46)/Y121F/T289A isolates warrant future research. The potential of increased azole dosing for disease caused by low-level resistant strains should be investigated.