The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
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J. Antimicrob. Chemother. · Sep 2008
Multicenter StudyA Phase 3, open-label, non-comparative study of tigecycline in the treatment of patients with selected serious infections due to resistant Gram-negative organisms including Enterobacter species, Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of tigecycline in patients with selected serious infections caused by resistant Gram-negative bacteria, or failures who had received prior antimicrobial therapy or were unable to tolerate other appropriate antimicrobials. Secondary objectives included an evaluation of the microbiological efficacy of tigecycline and in vitro activity of tigecycline for resistant Gram-negative bacteria. ⋯ In this non-comparative study, tigecycline appeared safe and efficacious in patients with difficult-to-treat serious infections caused by resistant Gram-negative organisms.
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J. Antimicrob. Chemother. · Sep 2008
Emergence of carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii in the Czech Republic is associated with the spread of multidrug-resistant strains of European clone II.
The aim of this study was to analyse the emergence of carbapenem resistance among hospital strains of Acinetobacter in the Czech Republic. ⋯ The emergence of Acinetobacter carbapenem resistance in the Czech Republic is associated with the spread of A. baumannii strains of EU clone II. The variation in susceptibility in these strains is likely to result from both the horizontal spread of resistance genes and differential expression of intrinsic genes.
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J. Antimicrob. Chemother. · Sep 2008
Occurrence and mechanisms of amikacin resistance and its association with beta-lactamases in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a Korean nationwide study.
We investigated the occurrence and mechanism of amikacin resistance and its association with various beta-lactamase genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. ⋯ In Korea, the amikacin resistance rate in P. aeruginosa was high (22%), and it varied among provinces (3.8% to 40%). Four types of AG-modifying enzyme genes [aph(3')-VI, ant(2'')-I, aac(6')-I and aac(3)-II/VI] were found in 48 isolates. Thirty-six strains harboured two or more types of enzymes, of which a combination of aph(3')-VI and ant(2'')-I was the most frequent (24/36 isolates, 66.7%). None harboured aac(3)-I, aac(3)-III/IV, aac(6')-II, ant(4')-II, rmtA, rmtB, rmtC or armA. Forty-two isolates co-harboured beta-lactamase genes (mostly bla(OXA-10)). A class 1 integron was detected in all but one, and all the ant(2'')-I and 26/29 bla(OXA-10) were found in it. In contrast, aph(3')-VI was not found to be associated with the class 1 integron. Considering the possibility of co-selection and dissemination, constant monitoring of resistance evolution is necessary.
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J. Antimicrob. Chemother. · Aug 2008
Beta-lactam and aminoglycoside resistance rates and mechanisms among Pseudomonas aeruginosa in French general practice (community and private healthcare centres).
The aim of this study was to assess antibiotic resistance rates and mechanisms of beta-lactam and aminoglycoside resistance among isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated in the extra-hospital setting (community and private healthcare centres). ⋯ Antibiotic resistance rates in P. aeruginosa were globally similar in general practice as in French hospitals. This first analysis of resistance mechanisms showed an unexpectedly high frequency of ESBLs and an unusual distribution of aminoglycoside modifying enzymes.
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J. Antimicrob. Chemother. · Jul 2008
Maternal use of fluconazole and risk of congenital malformations: a Danish population-based cohort study.
Fluconazole is widely used for the treatment of candidiasis. Although the drug is also prescribed to pregnant women, data on the safety of use of fluconazole during pregnancy are limited. We examined the association between the maternal use of fluconazole during pregnancy and the risk of congenital malformations. ⋯ We found no overall increased risk of congenital malformations after exposure to short-course treatment with fluconazole in early pregnancy.