Child: care, health and development
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Child Care Health Dev · Sep 2012
ReviewDisruptive behaviour disorders: a systematic review of environmental antenatal and early years risk factors.
Disruptive behaviour disorders (DBDs), including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD) are chronic disorders with significant overlap in aetiology and presentation. An integrative examination of environmental risk factors is lacking. Six literature searches of web-based bibliographic databases were completed to identify literature on DBDs in general and five disorders in particular: CD, ODD, ADHD, deficits of attention, motor control and perception, and reactive attachment disorder. ⋯ The database searches generated 9806 papers of which 47 were reviewed after filters had been applied. The evidence suggests links between a number of early life risk factors and DBDs, including prenatal cigarette smoking and alcohol use, prenatal viral illness, maternal stress and anxiety, low birthweight, peri-partum and early neonatal complications, parental stress and parenting styles in infancy, early deprivation, adoption and separation. Despite the understanding that there is sharing of risk factors between the DBDs, there has been a disproportionate focus on the role of certain risk factors at the expense of others and the field is weakened by difficulties in controlling for all potential confounding variables.
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Child Care Health Dev · Sep 2012
Information and professional support: key factors in the provision of family-centred early childhood intervention services.
Much has been written on the principles of family-centred practice and on the service delivery methods and skills required of its practitioners. Far less has been written from the perspective of families whose children have a disability. The aims of this study were twofold: firstly to understand families' experiences of family-centred early childhood intervention services and secondly to explore other factors that might impact on these experiences. ⋯ The provision of general information and professional support are key components of family-centred early childhood intervention services.
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Child Care Health Dev · Jul 2012
Comparative StudyClinical accuracy of a non-contact infrared skin thermometer in paediatric practice.
Rectal thermometry is considered the most reliable method for measuring the temperature in the paediatric population. Recently, a new non-contact skin infrared thermometer for children was introduced in the market with excellent acceptance by parents. ⋯ The non-contact infrared thermometer is a reliable, comfortable and accurate option for measurement of temperature and is very useful for the screening of fever in the paediatric population. More studies are recommended to support the evidence found in this study and compare its accuracy with more complex devices.
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To describe nurses' experiences when caring for children in pain. ⋯ The nurses were comfortable in predictable situations, but if a situation was unpredictable, they felt they had lost control over it. IMPLICATIONS FOR PAIN MANAGEMENT: To reduce feelings of abandonment, work shifts should be organized so that more experienced nurses can work side by side with those who are less experienced. Pain assessment tools and guidelines for pain management should be introduced into the daily work, and systematic reflection should be used for nurses' professional development.
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Child Care Health Dev · Jul 2012
The impact of childhood abuse history, domestic violence and mental health symptoms on parenting behaviour among mothers in Japan.
To assess the impact of childhood abuse history, domestic violence experiences and mental health symptoms on the parenting behaviour of mothers in Japan who have separated from violent husbands or partners. ⋯ Mental health symptoms, more specifically dissociative and depressive symptoms, are associated with a decrease in parenting quality. Mothers who were physically abused as children are less likely to praise their own children, independent of maternal mental health symptoms. In contrast, mothers who experienced domestic violence but subsequently separated from their violent husbands or partners are more likely to praise their children. The treatment of mental health symptoms, particularly dissociative and depressive symptoms, therapy for childhood abuse history and separation from violent husbands or partners might be effective ways to enhance the quality of parenting in Japan.