Addictive behaviors
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Addictive behaviors · Aug 2020
Regular cannabis use is associated with blunted affective, but not cardiovascular, stress responses.
To examine the potential impact of regular cannabis use on cardiovascular and subjective responses to acute stress. ⋯ Chronic cannabis use is associated with blunted positive and negative (stress, anxiety) affective responses to acute stress, indicating emotional dysregulation in this population.
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Addictive behaviors · Aug 2020
Alcohol consumption and risk for feeding and eating disorders in adolescence: The mediating role of drinking motives.
A complex and bidirectional association has been assumed between feeding and eating disorders (FEDs) and alcohol consumption. Previous research has demonstrated that alcohol use among individuals with different forms of FEDs is more frequently motivated by two subtypes of internal drinking motives: coping and enhancement motives. Namely, these individuals might use alcohol primarily to regulate internal states, such as to mitigate negative emotions or enhance positive emotions. ⋯ Results demonstrated that risk for FEDs was positively associated with internal drinking motives and alcohol use. An indirect effect of risk for FEDs on alcohol consumption via internal drinking motives was discriminated over the impact of depressive symptoms. However, the latter relationship was only found among females which may highlight the gender differences in the relationship between risk for FEDs and alcohol use.
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Addictive behaviors · Jul 2020
Adult perceptions of the relative harm of tobacco products and subsequent tobacco product use: Longitudinal findings from waves 1 and 2 of the population assessment of tobacco and health (PATH) study.
To examine: (1) How perceptions of harm for seven non-cigarette tobacco products predict subsequent use; (2) How change in use is associated with changes in perceptions of product harm; (3) Whether sociodemographic variables moderate the association between perceptions and use. ⋯ Strategies to prevent initiation and promote cessation of these products may benefit from understanding and addressing perceptions of these products.
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Addictive behaviors · May 2020
Behavioral heterogeneity among cigarette and e-cigarette dual-users and associations with future tobacco use: Findings from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study.
Dual-users of cigarettes and e-cigarettes are commonly treated as a single group. Our study applied a more nuanced classification of this complex behavior to examine its associations with future tobacco use behaviors using data from Waves 1 and 3 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health. Dual-users at Wave 1 (n = 1,665) were categorized into 4 groups based on the frequency with which they used each product (i.e., some days, daily). ⋯ Adults who concurrently use cigarettes and e-cigarettes exhibit considerable heterogeneity in their use of these tobacco products. Dual-users that are higher on the socioeconomic gradient are more likely to engage in plausibly less harmful dual-use behaviors, which are more strongly associated with harm reduction and cessation behaviors. Future research should consider this variation to more accurately characterize the public health impact of dual-use.
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Addictive behaviors · Apr 2020
Associations between dual use of e-cigarettes and smoking cessation: A prospective study of smokers in England.
It has been claimed that use of e-cigarettes in combination with cigarettes outside of a quit attempt ('dual use') reduces quitting among smokers. This study aimed to assess whether dual e-cigarette users have lower smoking cessation rates than (i) exclusive cigarette smokers or (ii) dual users of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and cigarettes. ⋯ In England, dual use of e-cigarettes is not associated with reduced overall quit rates compared with exclusive smoking or dual use of NRT. However, dual use of e-cigarettes is associated with a slightly higher quit attempt rate than exclusive smoking but lower than dual use of NRT.