The New England journal of medicine
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We investigated the risks and benefits of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in children with complications of sickle cell disease. ⋯ Allogeneic stem-cell transplantation can be curative in young patients with symptomatic sickle cell disease.
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Beginning in 1978, China implemented economic reforms to transform the economy to a free-market system. We compared the effect of the reforms on the growth of children in urban and rural areas. ⋯ Despite an overall improvement in child growth during the economic reforms in China, the improvement has not been equitable, as judged by increased differences in height between rural and urban children and increased disparities within rural area.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A comparison of two regimens for the treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex bacteremia in AIDS: rifabutin, ethambutol, and clarithromycin versus rifampin, ethambutol, clofazimine, and ciprofloxacin. Canadian HIV Trials Network Protocol 010 Study Group.
Bacteremia with the Mycobacterium avium complex is common in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), but the most effective treatment for this infection remains unclear. ⋯ In patients with AIDS and M. avium complex bacteremia, treatment with the three-drug regimen of rifabutin, ethambutol, and clarithromycin leads to resolution of the bacteremia more frequently and more rapidly than treatment with rifampin, ethambutol, clofazimine, and ciprofloxacin, and survival rates are better.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Prevention of Jarisch-Herxheimer reactions by treatment with antibodies against tumor necrosis factor alpha.
In patients with louse-borne relapsing fever (Borrelia recurrentis infection), antimicrobial treatment is often followed by sudden fever, rigors, and persistent hypotension (Jarisch-Herxheimer reactions) that are associated with increases in plasma concentrations of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6, and interleukin-8. We attempted to determine whether sheep polyclonal Fab antibody fragments against TNF-alpha (anti-TNF-alpha Fab) could suppress the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction. ⋯ Pretreatment with sheep anti-TNF-alpha Fab suppresses Jarisch-Herxheimer reactions that occur after penicillin treatment for louse-borne relapsing fever, reduces the associated increases in plasma concentrations of interleukin-6 and interleukin-8, and may be useful in other forms of sepsis.