The New England journal of medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
A comparison of single-dose cefixime with ceftriaxone as treatment for uncomplicated gonorrhea. The Gonorrhea Treatment Study Group.
Because of the widespread existence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae resistant to penicillin or tetracycline, ceftriaxone is now recommended for the treatment of gonorrhea. There is, however, a need for effective antibiotics that can be administered orally as an alternative to ceftriaxone, which requires intramuscular administration. Cefixime is an orally absorbed cephalosporin that is active against resistant gonococci and has pharmacokinetic activity suitable for single-dose administration. ⋯ In the treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhea, a single dose of cefixime (400 or 800 mg) given orally appears to be as effective as the currently recommended regimen of ceftriaxone (250 mg given intramuscularly).
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A comparison of two doses of aspirin (30 mg vs. 283 mg a day) in patients after a transient ischemic attack or minor ischemic stroke.
Aspirin is known to improve the outcome of patients who have had a cerebral transient ischemic attack, but the optimal dose of aspirin remains uncertain. Experimental evidence indicates that 30 mg of aspirin daily alters platelet aggregation more favorably than the 300-mg dose currently used in patients after transient ischemic attack or minor ischemic stroke. ⋯ Our data indicate that 30 mg of aspirin daily is no less effective in the prevention of vascular events than a 283-mg dose in patients with a transient ischemic attack or minor stroke, and has fewer adverse effects.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Analgesic effect of intraarticular morphine after arthroscopic knee surgery.
Opioids can produce potent antinociceptive effects by interacting with local opioid receptors in inflamed peripheral tissue. In this study we examined the analgesic effects of the intraarticular, as compared with intravenous, administration of morphine after arthroscopic knee surgery. ⋯ Low doses of intraarticular morphine can significantly reduce pain after knee surgery through an action specific to local opioid receptors that reaches its maximal effect three to six hours after injection.
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Infection with Helicobacter pylori has been linked with chronic atrophic gastritis, an inflammatory precursor of gastric adenocarcinoma. In a nested case-control study, we explored whether H. pylori infection increases the risk of gastric carcinoma. ⋯ Infection with H. pylori is associated with an increased risk of gastric adenocarcinoma and may be a cofactor in the pathogenesis of this malignant condition.