The New England journal of medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of atovaquone (566C80) with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole to treat Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS.
Both trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and pentamidine are effective as treatments for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, but adverse effects frequently limit their use. Atovaquone (566C80) is a new hydroxynaphthoquinone with activity against P. carinii. ⋯ For the treatment of P. carinii pneumonia, atovaquone is less effective than trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, but it has fewer treatment-limiting adverse effects.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Topical tretinoin (retinoic acid) therapy for hyperpigmented lesions caused by inflammation of the skin in black patients.
Irregular disfiguring skin hyperpigmentation due to inflammation may develop in black persons. We investigated the treatment of this hyperpigmentation with topical tretinoin (0.1 percent retinoic acid cream). Fifty-four subjects completed a 40-week randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled study. Twenty-four subjects applied tretinoin daily to the face, arms, or both areas, and 30 subjects applied vehicle cream. At base line and after 40 weeks of treatment, each subject's post-inflammatory hyperpigmented lesions and normal skin were assessed by clinical and colorimetric evaluations and by analysis of biopsy specimens. ⋯ Topical application of tretinoin significantly lightens post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation and, to a clinically minimal but statistically significant degree, lightens normal skin in black persons.