The New England journal of medicine
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Randomized clinical study of thiopental loading in comatose survivors of cardiac arrest. Brain Resuscitation Clinical Trial I Study Group.
After restoration of spontaneous circulation and adequate oxygenation, 262 comatose survivors of cardiac arrest were randomly assigned to receive standard brain-oriented intensive care or the same standard therapy plus a single intravenous loading dose of thiopental (30 mg per kilogram of body weight). The study was designed to have an 80 percent probability of detecting a 20 percent reduction in the incidence of permanent postischemic cerebral dysfunction. ⋯ At the end of one year of follow-up, there was no statistically significant difference between treatment groups in the proportion of patients who died (77 percent of the thiopental vs. 80 percent of the standard-therapy group), survived with "good" cerebral recovery (20 percent of the thiopental vs. 15 percent of the standard-therapy group), or survived with permanent severe neurologic damage (2 percent of the thiopental vs. 5 percent of the standard-therapy group). The results of this study do not support the use of thiopental for brain resuscitation after cardiac arrest.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Vidarabine versus acyclovir therapy in herpes simplex encephalitis.
We randomly assigned 208 patients who underwent brain biopsy for presumptive herpes simplex encephalitis to receive either vidarabine (15 mg per kilogram of body weight per day) or acyclovir (30 mg per kilogram per day) for 10 days. Sixty-nine patients (33 percent) had biopsy-proved disease; 37 received vidarabine, and 32 acyclovir. The mortality in the vidarabine recipients was 54 percent, as compared with 28 percent in the acyclovir recipients (P = 0.008). ⋯ Eight vidarabine-treated patients (22 percent) and three acyclovir-treated patients (9 percent) had moderate debility. Patients under 30 years of age and with a Glasgow coma score above 10 had the best outcome with acyclovir treatment. We conclude that acyclovir is currently the treatment of choice for biopsy-proved herpes simplex encephalitis.