The New England journal of medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Nivolumab plus Ipilimumab in Microsatellite-Instability-High Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.
Patients with microsatellite-instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch-repair-deficient (dMMR) metastatic colorectal cancer have poor outcomes with standard chemotherapy with or without targeted therapies. Nivolumab plus ipilimumab has shown clinical benefit in nonrandomized studies of MSI-H or dMMR metastatic colorectal cancer. ⋯ Progression-free survival was longer with nivolumab plus ipilimumab than with chemotherapy among patients who had not previously received systemic treatment for MSI-H or dMMR metastatic colorectal cancer. (Funded by Bristol Myers Squibb and Ono Pharmaceutical; CheckMate 8HW ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04008030.).
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After pneumococcal disease and colonization have been controlled through vaccination campaigns, a reduced pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) schedule may be sufficient to sustain that control at reduced costs. ⋯ A reduced vaccination schedule involving a single primary dose and booster dose of PCV10 was noninferior to alternative schedules in protecting against vaccine-serotype carriage in infants and toddlers. (Funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02961231.).