International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics
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Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Jul 2004
Radiation-induced changes of brain tissue after radiosurgery in patients with arteriovenous malformations: correlation with dose distribution parameters.
To investigate the correlation of radiation-induced changes of brain tissue after radiosurgery in patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) with treatment planning and dose distribution parameters. ⋯ Radiation-induced changes of brain tissue after AVM radiosurgery can be well predicted by single dose distribution parameters that are a function of both dose and volume. These can be used to quantify dose-volume response relations. Studies of this nature will eventually help to improve our current understanding of the mechanisms leading to radiation-induced tissue changes after AVM radiosurgery and to optimize radiosurgery treatment planning.
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Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Jul 2004
Radiation therapy for early-stage carcinoma of the oropharynx.
To evaluate the outcomes of radiation therapy treatment of patients with Stage I and II squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oropharynx and discover adverse prognostic factors that may help select a subgroup of patients for a different management approach. ⋯ Patients with early-stage oropharynx cancer have high rates of disease control when treated with radiation. Lymphatic and hematogenous metastases are uncommon. Surgical salvage of disease recurrence is successful in approximately one-third of patients. As the majority of recurrences occur within the first 2 years from treatment, close observation during this time period is important. The development of second primary tumors of the UADT adversely impacts survival in these patients to as great a degree as the index cancer.
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Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Jul 2004
Low-dose-rate brachytherapy is superior to high-dose-rate brachytherapy for bladder cancer.
To determine the efficacy and safety of a high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy schedule in the treatment of bladder cancer and to investigate the impact of different values of repair half-times and alpha/beta ratios on the design of the HDR schedule. ⋯ Local control of HDR brachytherapy for bladder cancer was disappointing and late toxicity unexpectedly high. The increase in late toxicity suggested a short repair half-time of 0.5-1 h for late-responding normal bladder tissue, which would not support HDR brachytherapy in the treatment of bladder cancer. The analysis demonstrated that the calculation of equivalent HDR schedules on the basis of the LDR schedules used in clinical practice might be hazardous.
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Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Jul 2004
WR-1065, the active form of amifostine, protects HL-60 cells but not peripheral blood mononuclear cells from radiation and etoposide-induced apoptosis.
Developing myeloid cells are particularly sensitive to chemotherapy and ionizing radiation. Mature cells of the hematopoietic lineages, such as are found in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), are much less sensitive for reasons that are not yet understood. Protecting the myeloid precursors from radiation or chemotherapy is an important goal. ⋯ These results suggest that pro-apoptotic pathways are present in immature myeloid cells that can be selectively protected from radiation or chemotherapy-induced apoptosis.
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Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Jul 2004
Clinical results of combined treatment conformal high-dose-rate iridium-192 brachytherapy and external beam radiotherapy using staging lymphadenectomy for localized prostate cancer.
To report the first long-term biochemical control rate of patients treated with two protocols using a combination of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy for localized prostate cancer in Japan. ⋯ Despite the high frequency of high-risk patients in the present patient population, the actuarial biochemical control rate was 93% at 5 years. Acute and chronic toxicity with this method was acceptable. Additional long-term follow-up is required to assess this treatment, because the median survival is not likely to be reached for several years.