International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics
-
Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Jun 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialPhase II multicenter randomized study of amifostine for prevention of acute radiation rectal toxicity: topical intrarectal versus subcutaneous application.
To investigate the cytoprotective effect of subcutaneous vs. intrarectal administration of amifostine against acute radiation toxicity. ⋯ Intrarectal administration of amifostine (1,500 mg) seemed to have a cytoprotective efficacy in acute radiation rectal mucositis but was inferior to subcutaneous administration in terms of urinary toxicity. Additional randomized studies are needed for definitive decisions concerning the cytoprotection of pelvic irradiated areas.
-
Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Jun 2005
Comparative Study Clinical TrialDose heterogeneity in the target volume and intensity-modulated radiotherapy to escalate the dose in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer.
To quantify the dose escalation achievable in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by allowing dose heterogeneity in the target volume or using intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), or both. ⋯ The dose in NSCLC treatments can be escalated by loosening the constraints on maximum dose in the target volume or using IMRT, or both. For large and concave tumors, an average dose escalation of 6% and 17% was possible when dose heterogeneity and IMRT were applied alone. When they were combined, the average dose increase was as high as 35%. Intensity-modulated RT delivered in a static mode can produce homogeneous dose distributions in the target and does not lead to an increase of lung volume receiving (very) low doses, even down to 5 Gy.
-
Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Jun 2005
Is a reduction in radiation lung volume and dose necessary with paclitaxel chemotherapy for node-positive breast cancer?
To evaluate and quantify the effect of irradiated lung volume, radiation dose, and paclitaxel chemotherapy on the development of radiation pneumonitis (RP) in breast cancer patients with positive lymph nodes. ⋯ The use of paclitaxel chemotherapy and RT in the primary treatment of node-positive breast cancer is likely to increase the incidence of RP. In patients treated with paclitaxel, reducing the percentage of lung irradiated by 24% should reduce the risk of RP to 1%, according to our calculations of lung tolerance. Future clinical trials using combination CHT that includes paclitaxel and RT should carefully evaluate the incidence and severity of RP and should also accurately monitor the extent of lung included within the RT volume to develop safe guidelines for the delivery of what is becoming standard therapy for node-positive breast cancer.
-
Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Jun 2005
Long-term oncologic results of salvage radical prostatectomy for locally recurrent prostate cancer after radiotherapy.
Salvage radical prostatectomy (RP) may potentially cure patients who have isolated local prostate cancer recurrence after radiotherapy (RT). We report the long-term cancer control associated with salvage RP in a consecutive cohort of patients and identify the variables associated with disease progression and cancer survival. ⋯ Greater preoperative PSA levels are associated with disease progression and cancer-specific death. Long-term control of locally recurrent prostate cancer after definitive RT is possible when salvage RP is performed early in the course of recurrent disease.
-
Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Jun 2005
Clinical TrialPhase I study of thoracic radiation dose escalation with concurrent chemotherapy for patients with limited small-cell lung cancer: Report of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) protocol 97-12.
The purpose of RTOG 97-12 was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of thoracic radiation therapy (RT) with concurrent chemotherapy for patients with limited-stage small-cell lung cancer. ⋯ The MTD for this accelerated thoracic RT regimen with concurrent PE was 61.2 Gy over 5 weeks.