International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics
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Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · May 2002
Intensity-modulated radiotherapy in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: an update of the UCSF experience.
To update our experience with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). ⋯ Excellent local-regional control for NPC was achieved with IMRT. IMRT provided excellent tumor target coverage and allowed the delivery of a high dose to the target with significant sparing of the salivary glands and other nearby critical normal tissues.
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Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · May 2002
Clinical TrialPhase II study of accelerated fractionation radiation therapy with carboplatin followed by PCV chemotherapy for the treatment of anaplastic gliomas.
To conduct a Phase II one-arm study to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of accelerated fractionated radiotherapy combined with i.v. carboplatin for patients with previously untreated anaplastic gliomas. ⋯ When comparable selection criteria are applied, the rate of MS in this study is inferior to results attainable with current radiation and chemotherapy approaches, although the rates of long-term survival are comparable. Theoretically, patients failing therapy and dying earlier than anticipated may be because of excessive central nervous system (CNS) toxicity resulting from the combination of accelerated fractionated irradiation, intensive carboplatin chemotherapy before each radiation fraction, and postirradiation PCV chemotherapy. On the other hand, patients with treatment-induced necrosis survived significantly longer than patients who did not demonstrate MRI or histologic evidence of necrosis (MS, 106 months vs. 18-33 months).
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Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · May 2002
Gastrointestinal toxicity of transperineal interstitial prostate brachytherapy.
To characterize the severity and time course of rectal toxicity following transperineal prostate brachytherapy using prospectively recorded data, and to determine factors associated with toxicity. ⋯ Most patients with rectal toxicity have very mild symptoms. There is a small risk of severe late toxicity. External beam radiation, higher stage, and race are associated with toxicity.
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Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Apr 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialA phase III comparison of radiation therapy with or without recombinant beta-interferon for poor-risk patients with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (RTOG 93-04).
The results of Phase I/II data testing beta-interferon with radiation therapy in a non-small-cell lung cancer population were promising. Based on these data, the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) initiated a Phase III trial to test the efficacy of beta-interferon in poor-risk patients with Stages IIIA and IIIB non-small-cell lung carcinoma. ⋯ This multicenter, controlled Phase III trial failed to confirm the efficacy of Betaseron in patients receiving definitive radiotherapy for locally advanced, nonmetastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. The use of beta-interferon led to greater rates of both acute and late treatment-related toxicity. The RTOG continues to investigate other biologic modifiers that may provide a nontoxic alternative for this poor-risk population.
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Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Apr 2002
Clinical TrialRadiation dose-volume effects on growth hormone secretion.
Growth hormone (GH) deficiency is a known consequence of central nervous system irradiation. The relationship between the dose to the hypothalamus and the time to onset of clinically significant GH deficiency is unknown. Conformal radiotherapy (CRT) techniques allow for a more accurate determination of hypothalamic dosimetry. We correlated the dosimetry of the hypothalamus and the peak GH value after CRT in children with localized primary brain tumors. ⋯ The peak GH response within 12 months after CRT depends on hypothalamic dose-volume effects and may be predicted on the basis of a linear model that sums the effects of the entire distribution of dose. The modeled effects may be used to optimize radiotherapy and minimize and treat GH deficiency.