The American journal of sports medicine
-
Arthroscopically assisted anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a common orthopaedic procedure. The incidence and risk factors of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after ACL reconstruction remain unclear. ⋯ The incidence of VTE after ACL reconstruction in this large population was low. Increased odds of VTE was identified in patients aged ≥35 years with a history of nicotine use, anticoagulant use, concomitant HTO, or concomitant PCL reconstruction. Controlled studies are necessary to determine the efficacy of chemoprophylaxis and to develop evidence-based clinical practice guidelines to minimize VTE after ACL reconstruction.
-
An injury to the deltoid ligament complex of the ankle can require surgical intervention in cases of chronic instability. There is an absence of data describing medial ankle ligament anatomy on standard radiographic views. ⋯ Radiographic parameters will augment current anatomic data by assisting with preoperative planning, intraoperative guidance, and postoperative assessment. These radiographic guidelines will facilitate the development of novel anatomic reconstructions and allow surgeons to plan the locations of reconstruction tunnels.
-
Allograft tissue is a common graft choice for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Allograft sterilization methods vary widely across numerous commercial tissue vendors. Multiple studies, despite being limited in sample size, have suggested a higher rate of clinical failure associated with the use of allograft tissue in ACLR when compared with autograft. ⋯ In the largest known study of its kind examining outcome after primary allograft ACLR, graft irradiation greater than 1.8 Mrad, BioCleanse graft processing, younger patient age, male patients, and BPTB allograft were all associated with a higher risk of clinical failure and subsequent revision surgery.
-
The epidemiology of sports-related concussion (SRC) among student-athletes has been extensively researched. However, recent data at the collegiate level are limited. ⋯ The estimated number of nationally reported SRCs has increased within specific sports. However, it is unknown whether these increases are attributable to increased reporting or frequency of concussions. Many sports report more SRCs in practice than in competition, although competition rates are higher. Men's wrestling and men's and women's ice hockey have the highest reported concussion rates. Men's football had the highest annual national estimate of reported SRCs, although the annual participation count was also the highest. Future research should continue to longitudinally examine SRC incidence while considering differences by sex, division, and level of competition.
-
While the combination of a glenoid defect and a Hill-Sachs lesion in a shoulder with anterior instability has recently been termed a bipolar lesion, their relationship is unclear. ⋯ The prevalence of bipolar lesions was approximately 60%. As glenoid defects became larger, Hill-Sachs lesions also enlarged, but there was no strong correlation. Bipolar lesions were frequent in patients with recurrent instability, patients with repetitive dislocation/subluxation, and those playing collision/contact sports. Instability showed a high recurrence rate in shoulders with bipolar lesions.