The American journal of sports medicine
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Anatomic Risk Factors for Focal Cartilage Lesions in the Patella and Trochlea: A Case-Control Study.
Focal cartilage lesions in the patellofemoral (PF) joint are common. Several studies correlated PF risk factors with PF instability, anterior knee pain, and PF arthritis; however, there is a lack of evidence correlating those factors to PF focal cartilage lesions. ⋯ PF anatomic abnormalities are significantly more common in patients with full-thickness PF cartilage lesions. Trochlear dysplasia, patella alta, and excessive lateral patellar tilt are the most common correlated factors, especially in patellar lesions.
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Comparative Study
Lateral Meniscal Allograft Transplantation With Bone Block and Suture-Only Techniques Partially Restores Knee Kinematics and Forces.
The ability of lateral meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) to improve knee stability and the meniscal load-bearing function in patients after meniscectomy is critical for surgical success. ⋯ The load-bearing function of the meniscal allograft observed in this study may be beneficial in ameliorating the short- and long-term disability associated with lateral meniscal deficiency.
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The asymmetry of the medial and lateral knee compartments contributes significantly to femorotibial biomechanics and pivoting, and it is reported to be a relevant risk factor for an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. ⋯ A decreased LFCI is associated with an ACL injury. The LFCI, lateral tibial height, and lateral tibial slope are the most predictive risk factors for an ACL injury. These findings might aid clinicians in identifying patients at risk for an ACL injury and inform the patient after reconstruction for a higher risk of rerupture.
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Autologous chondrocyte implantation, which uses passaged chondrocytes, commonly leads to the formation of fibrocartilage. When chondrocytes are passaged to increase cell numbers, they lose their phenotype and ability to form hyaline cartilage. The use of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) to redifferentiate passaged chondrocytes has been validated in vitro; however, it is unknown if redifferentiated chondrocytes will enhance defect repair when implanted in vivo. Furthermore, fibrin gel is used in orthopaedic surgery as a fixative and scaffold and could be an appropriate carrier to enhance retention of cells in the repair site. ⋯ Redifferentiation of passaged chondrocytes with TGFβ3 before implantation does not improve defect repair in the first 6 weeks.