The American journal of sports medicine
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Anatomic features of the tibial plateau (ie, posterior slope and medial concavity) have been associated with an increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. However, it remains unclear whether these findings translate to ACL injuries sustained during recreational alpine skiing. ⋯ Despite differences between sexes in knee anatomy and the injury risk, the sagittal and coronal slopes (LTS, MTS, CTS), as well as the concavity of the medial tibial plateau (MTD), were not associated with the risk of an ACL tear during a noncontact injury among recreational alpine skiers.
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Patients with irreparable rotator cuff tears have a defect of the superior capsule, which creates discontinuity of the shoulder capsule in the transverse direction (anterior-posterior direction). This effect is one of the causes underlying shoulder instability after rotator cuff tears. ⋯ Side-to-side suturing between the graft, residual infraspinatus tendon, and underlying shoulder capsule is recommended for SCR in patients with irreparable supraspinatus tendon tears to restore superior stability after surgery.
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Retropatellar cartilage damage has been suggested as an etiological factor for patellofemoral pain (PFP), a common knee condition among young and physically active individuals. To date, there is no conclusive evidence for an association between cartilage defects and PFP. Nowadays, advanced quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques enable estimation of cartilage composition. ⋯ There was no difference in composition of the patellofemoral cartilage, estimated with multiple quantitative MRI techniques, between patients with PFP and healthy control subjects. However, clinically relevant differences could not be ruled out for T1ρ in the adolescent population. Retropatellar cartilage damage has long been hypothesized as an important factor in the pathogenesis of PFP, but study findings suggest that diminished patellofemoral cartilage composition is not associated with PFP.
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Arthroscopic release of the iliopsoas tendon may alleviate pain associated with internal snapping hip, but previous reports of physical function, hip strength, and muscle atrophy after surgery are mixed. ⋯ Arthroscopic iliopsoas release results in iliopsoas atrophy with a 25% volume loss and a 19% reduction in seated hip flexion strength.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Conventional En Masse Repair Versus Separate Double-Layer Double-Row Repair for the Treatment of Delaminated Rotator Cuff Tears.
The rotator cuff tendon is known to exert a shear force between the superficial and deep layers. Owing to this characteristic, separate repair of delaminated rotator cuff tears has been introduced for the restoration of the physiological biomechanics of the rotator cuff. However, whether conventional en masse repair or separate repair is superior is controversial in terms of outcomes. ⋯ Both conventional en masse repair and separate double-layer double-row repair were effective in improving clinical outcomes in the treatment of delaminated rotator cuff tears. Lower pain scores were seen in patients who underwent separate double-layer double-row repair.